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Description

M2SDNXSLV (or statD_2d_slv_Nx) is a 2-dimensional daily data collection in Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2). This collection consists of daily statistics, such as daily mean (or daily minimum and maximum) air temperature at 2-meter, and maximum precipitation rate during the period.

MERRA-2 is the latest version of global atmospheric reanalysis for the satellite era produced by NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) using the Goddard Earth Observing System Model (GEOS) version 5.12.4. The dataset covers the period of 1980-present with the latency of ~3 weeks after the end of a month.

Data Reprocessing: Please check “Records of MERRA-2 Data Reprocessing and Service Changes” linked from the “Documentation” tab on this page. Note that a reprocessed data filename is different from the original file.

MERRA-2 Mailing List: Sign up to receive information on reprocessing of data, changing of tools and services, as well as data announcements from GMAO. Contact the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov) to be added to the list.

Questions: If you have a question, please read "MERRA-2 File Specification Document", “MERRA-2 Data Access – Quick Start Guide”, and FAQs linked from the ”Documentation” tab on this page. If that does not answer your question, you may post your question to the NASA Earthdata Forum (forum.earthdata.nasa.gov) or email the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov).

Version Description

The GEOS-5 model version used for processing MERRA-2

Product Summary

Platforms
MERRA-2
Instruments
NOT APPLICABLE
Spatial Extent

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

Spatial Resolution
0.5 Decimal Degrees x 0.625 Decimal Degrees
Location
GLOBAL
Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
1980-01-01 to Present
Data Partner
Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (formerly Goddard DAAC), Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA (NASA/GSFC/SED/ESD/TISL/GESDI
Concept ID
C1276812843-GES_DISC
Data State
ACTIVE
Number of Files/Granules
16923
Processing Level
4
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Air Temperature ,
Precipitation Rate ,
24 Hour Maximum Temperature ,
24 Hour Minimum Temperature

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, & Pawson, S. (2015). MERRA-2 statD_2d_slv_Nx: 2d,Daily,Aggregated Statistics,Single-Level,Assimilation,Single-Level Diagnostics V5.12.4 [Data set]. NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/9SC1VNTWGWV3 Date Accessed: 2026-05-24

Documents

Publications Citing This Dataset

Filters
Title Year Author Topic
Abiotic Conditions for the Formation of Pelagic Phytoplankton Community in the Volga River Delta Kostyleva, Anna V., Sapozhnikov, Philipp V., Kostianoy, Andrey G., Migali, Dragosh I., Murzakova, Yulia V., Litvinov, Kirill V., Blagova, Yulia A. Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
Development of Machine Learning Models for Prediction of PM 2.5 Concentration Based on MERRA 2 Reanalysis ... Kaur, Parminder, Pande, Chaitanya B., Pipal, Atar Singh Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Atmospheric Ozone, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Pressure Thickness, U/V Wind Components, U/V Wind Components, Potential Vorticity, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Vertical Profiles, Upper Air Temperature, Relative Humidity, Specific Humidity, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Fraction, Altitude, Geopotential Height, Ozone Profiles, Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, Atmospheric Pressure, Total Precipitable Water, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds
Assessing the relationship between atmospheric aerosols and maximum surface air temperature over the Indian region Sarin, T. S., Vinoj, V. Aerosols, Aerosol Extinction, Aerosol Optical Depth/Thickness, Angstrom Exponent, Aerosol Particle Properties, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Dust/Ash/Smoke, Organic Particles, Sulfate Particles, Sulfur Oxides, Sulfur Compounds, Sulfate, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfur Oxides, Particulate Matter, Dimethyl Sulfide, Black Carbon, Sea Salt, PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 2.5), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 1.0), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 10), Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
Hydroclimatic Drivers of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Asia's Major Rivers Septiani, Retno W., Park, JiHyung, Bogard, Matthew J., Cardace, Dawn, Akanda, Ali S. Carbon Monoxide, Geopotential Height, Tropopause, Methane, Atmospheric Ozone, Surface Pressure, Outgoing Longwave Radiation, Air Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Water Vapor, Water Vapor Profiles, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Height, Cloud Top Pressure, Cloud Top Temperature, Cloud Vertical Distribution, Emissivity, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Temperature, Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Land Surface/Agriculture Indicators, Drought Indices, Satellite Soil Moisture Index
A Comparison of Machine Learning-Based Approaches in Estimating Surface Wei, Shijin, Shores, Kyle, Xu, Yangyang Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Aerosols, Aerosol Extinction, Aerosol Optical Depth/Thickness, Angstrom Exponent, Aerosol Particle Properties, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Dust/Ash/Smoke, Organic Particles, Sulfate Particles, Sulfur Oxides, Sulfur Compounds, Sulfate, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfur Oxides, Particulate Matter, Dimethyl Sulfide, Black Carbon, Sea Salt, PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 2.5), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 1.0), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 10), Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds
More than a feeling: A global economic valuation of subjective wellbeing damages resulting from rising temperatures Dietrich, Stephan, Nichols, Stafford Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
InSAR estimates of excess ground ice concentrations near the permafrost Zwieback, S., Iwahana, G., Chang, Q., Meyer, F. Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
Influence of Soil Moisture on Surface Air Temperature in Monsoons Takaya, Yuhei, Ganeshi, Naresh G., Kosaka, Yu, Liang, X. San, Sato, Tomonori Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Atmospheric Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Mechanisms for upstream migration of firn aquifer drainage: preliminary observations from Helheim Glacier, Greenland Mejia, Jessica Z., Poinar, Kristin, Meyer, Colin R., Sommers, Aleah N., Chu, Winnie Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Ice Velocity
Assessment of water scarcity as a risk factor for cholera outbreaks Magers, Bailey, Usmani, Moiz, Brumfield, Kyle D., Huq, Anwar, Colwell, Rita R., Jutla, Antarpreet S. Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Snow, Rain
Spatial and temporal dependence in distributionbased evaluation of CMIP6 daily maximum temperatures Virdee, Mala, Kazlauskaite, Ieva, Boland, Emma J. D., Shuckburgh, Emily, Ming, Alison Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
Successional and native forests predict the occurrence and infection status of Chagas disease vectors in Panama Hoyos, Juliana, Saldana, Azael, Altizer, Sonia, Pineda, Vanessa, Gonzalez, Kadir, Calzada, Jose E., de Brito, Raissa Nogueira, Tanner, Susan, Mendieta, Daniel, Cumbrera, Alberto, Gottdenker, Nicole L. Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
The Impact of Climate Change and Land Use on Harmful Algal Blooms Lopez Barreto, Brittany N., Kinoshita, Alicia, Lee, Christine M., Hestir, Erin L. Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
Effect of short-term exposure to particulate matter on mortality rate by cardiovascular disease in Colombia: An observational ecological study with causal machine ... Gutierrez, Juan David Aerosols, Aerosol Extinction, Aerosol Optical Depth/Thickness, Angstrom Exponent, Aerosol Particle Properties, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Dust/Ash/Smoke, Organic Particles, Sulfate Particles, Sulfur Oxides, Sulfur Compounds, Sulfate, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfur Oxides, Particulate Matter, Dimethyl Sulfide, Black Carbon, Sea Salt, PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 2.5), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 1.0), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 10), Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
A spatially-continuous neural network temperature model for weather derivatives evaluation Carannante, Maria, Corsaro, Stefania, Di Sauro, Vincenzo, Marino, Zelda, Scognamiglio, Salvatore Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
Reduced Anthropogenic Aerosols Reveal Increased Heatwaves Driven by Climate Warming Wei, Jia, Wang, Weiguang, Teuling, Adriaan J., Zhang, Jianyun, Wang, Guoqing, Jin, Junliang, Liu, Xiaoyin, Cao, Mingzhu, Li, Hongbin, Yang, Liyan, Wang, Shuo Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
Global potential of continuous sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting Ying, Wenjun, Li, Chunfeng, Yang, Liang, Hua, Lingji, Zhang, Hua, Wang, Ruzhu, Wang, Jiayun Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
High temperatures are associated with decreased immune system performance in a wild primate Lucore, Jordan M., Beehner, Jacinta C., White, Amy F., Sinclair, Lorena F., Martins, Vasco Alexandre, Kovalaskas, Sarah A., Ordonez, Juan Carlos, Bergman, Thore J., Benitez, Marcela E., Marshall, Andrew J. Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
Electricity demand forecasting with hybrid classical statistical and machine learning algorithms: Case study of Ukraine Gonzalez Grandon, T., Schwenzer, J., Steens, T., Breuing, J. Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
Non-negligible clear-sky biases of satellite thermal infrared observations for analyzing surface urban heat island intensity: A case study in China Ma, Jin, Zhou, Ji, Zhang, Tao, Tang, Wenbin, Liao, Yangsiyu, Yang, Miao Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain, Albedo, Anisotropy, Land Surface Temperature, Emissivity, Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Air Temperature, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Land Use/Land Cover Classification
A sub-monthly timescale causality between snow cover and surface air temperature in the Northern Hemisphere inferred by LiangKleeman information flow analysis Takaya, Yuhei, Komatsu, Kensuke K., Ganeshi, Naresh Govind, Toyoda, Takahiro, Hasumi, Hiroyasu Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Snow Cover
A geostationary satellite-based approach to estimate convective mass flux and revisit the hot tower hypothesis Derras-Chouk, Amel, Luo, Zhengzhao Johnny Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Precipitation, Brightness Temperature, Precipitation Amount, Snow, Rain, Total Surface Precipitation Rate
A GIS-big data model for improving the coverage and analysis processes of territory observation, and integrating ground-based observations with retrospective meteorological data Barron-Lugo, J. Armando, Lopez-Arevalo, Ivan, Gonzalez-Compean, J.L., Alvarado-Barrientos, M. Susana, Carretero, Jesus, Sosa-Sosa, Victor J., Montella, Raffaele Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
Assessment of Clear-Sky Irradiance from 6S affected by Local Climatology of India Rizvi, Syed Haider Abbas, Choudhary, Bhramar, Choudhary, Ravi, Meher, Jitendra Kumar, Gupta, Nimisha, Chawla, Jasvipul, Kumar, Mayank, Singh, Vikram Aerosols, Aerosol Extinction, Aerosol Optical Depth/Thickness, Angstrom Exponent, Aerosol Particle Properties, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Dust/Ash/Smoke, Organic Particles, Sulfate Particles, Sulfur Oxides, Sulfur Compounds, Sulfate, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfur Oxides, Particulate Matter, Dimethyl Sulfide, Black Carbon, Sea Salt, PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 2.5), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 1.0), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 10), Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone
Comparative analysis of indices in capturing the onset and withdrawal of the South Asian Summer Monsoon Li, Xiuping, Wang, Lei, Zhong, Shiyuan, Liu, Liu Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature
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Variables

The table below lists the variables contained within a single granule for this dataset. Variables often contain observed or derived geophysical measurements collected from a variety of sources, including remote sensing instruments on satellite and airborne platforms, field campaigns, in situ measurements, and model outputs. The terms variable, parameter, scientific data set, layer, and band have been used across NASA’s Earth science disciplines; however, variable is the designated nomenclature in NASA’s Common Metadata Repository (CMR). Variable metadata attributes such as Name, Description, Units, Data Type, Fill Value, Valid Range, and Scale Factor allow users to efficiently process and analyze the data. The full range of attributes may not be applicable to all variables. Additional information on variable attributes is typically available in the data, user guide, and/or other product documentation.

For questions on a specific variable, please use the Earthdata Forum.

Name Description Units Data Type Fill Value Valid Range Scale Factor Offset
HOURNORAIN HOURNORAIN s float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
lat lat degrees_north float64 N/A N/A N/A N/A
lon lon degrees_east float64 N/A N/A N/A N/A
T2MMAX T2MMAX K float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
T2MMEAN T2MMEAN K float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
T2MMIN T2MMIN K float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
time time minutes since 2025-03-01 00:30:00 int32 N/A N/A N/A N/A
TPRECMAX TPRECMAX kg m-2 s-1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
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