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Description

M2TMNXRAD (or tavgM_2d_rad_Nx) is a time-averaged 2-dimensional monthly mean data collection in Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2). This collection consists of radiation diagnostics, such as surface albedo, cloud area fraction, in cloud optical thickness, surface incoming shortwave flux (i.e. solar radiation), surface net downward shortwave flux, and upwelling longwave flux at toa (top of atmosphere) (i.e. outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) at toa). The collection also includes variance of certain parameters.

MERRA-2 is the latest version of global atmospheric reanalysis for the satellite era produced by NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) using the Goddard Earth Observing System Model (GEOS) version 5.12.4. The dataset covers the period of 1980-present with the latency of ~3 weeks after the end of a month.

Data Reprocessing: Please check “Records of MERRA-2 Data Reprocessing and Service Changes” linked from the “Documentation” tab on this page. Note that a reprocessed data filename is different from the original file.

MERRA-2 Mailing List: Sign up to receive information on reprocessing of data, changing of tools and services, as well as data announcements from GMAO. Contact the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov) to be added to the list.

Questions: If you have a question, please read "MERRA-2 File Specification Document", “MERRA-2 Data Access – Quick Start Guide”, and FAQs linked from the ”Documentation” tab on this page. If that does not answer your question, you may post your question to the NASA Earthdata Forum (forum.earthdata.nasa.gov) or email the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov).

Version Description

The GEOS-5 model version used for processing MERRA-2

Product Summary

Platforms
MERRA-2
Instruments
NOT APPLICABLE
Spatial Extent

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

Spatial Resolution
0.625 Decimal Degrees x 0.5 Decimal Degrees
Location
GLOBAL
Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
1980-01-01 to Present
Data Partner
Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (formerly Goddard DAAC), Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA (NASA/GSFC/SED/ESD/TISL/GESDI
Concept ID
C1276812858-GES_DISC
Data State
ACTIVE
Number of Files/Granules
556
Processing Level
4
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Atmospheric Radiation ,
Longwave Radiation ,
Shortwave Radiation ,
Radiative Flux ,
Radiative Forcing ,
Surface Radiative Properties ,
Albedo ,
Emissivity ,
Cloud Properties ,
Cloud Fraction ,
Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness ,
Skin Temperature ,
Skin Temperature ,
Sea Surface Skin Temperature

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, & Pawson, S. (2015). MERRA-2 tavgM_2d_rad_Nx: 2d,Monthly mean,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Radiation Diagnostics V5.12.4 [Data set]. NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/OU3HJDS973O0 Date Accessed: 2026-05-24

Documents

Publications Citing This Dataset

Filters
Title Year Author Topic
Bulk radiativeconvective equilibrium is common over midlatitude land Matthews, Aidan, McColl, Kaighin A., Kuang, Zhiming Heat Flux, Air Temperature, Skin Temperature, Specific Humidity, Water Vapor, Precipitation Rate, Snow/Ice, Evaporation, Latent Heat Flux, Latent Heat Flux, Sensible Heat Flux, Diffusion, Surface Winds, Wind Speed, U/V Wind Components, Wind Stress, Wind Stress, Surface Roughness, Planetary Boundary Layer Height, Ice Fraction, Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
European summer precipitation Steensen, Birthe Marie, Myhre, Gunnar, Byrom, Rachael, Gjermundsen, Ada, Jouan, Caroline, Stjern, Camilla Weum Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Influence of Soil Moisture on Surface Air Temperature in Monsoons Takaya, Yuhei, Ganeshi, Naresh G., Kosaka, Yu, Liang, X. San, Sato, Tomonori Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Atmospheric Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Analysis of Net Primary Productivity Trends in India by Incorporating the Direct Effect of CO2 Fertilization in MODIS Data Das, Ripan, Karmakar, Subhankar, Ghosh, Subimal Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Fraction Of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fapar), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Photosynthesis, Primary Production, Vegetation Productivity, Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Terrain Elevation, Digital Elevation/Terrain Model (DEM), Topographical Relief Maps, Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone
Spatio-temporal assessment of aerosol-induced atmospheric heating rates in Nigeria. Igbawua, Tertsea, Tyonvenda, Alexander Aondongu, Sombo, Terver, Echi, Idugba Mathias Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Aerosols, Aerosol Extinction, Aerosol Optical Depth/Thickness, Angstrom Exponent, Aerosol Particle Properties, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Dust/Ash/Smoke, Organic Particles, Sulfate Particles, Sulfur Oxides, Sulfur Compounds, Sulfate, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfur Oxides, Particulate Matter, Dimethyl Sulfide, Black Carbon, Sea Salt, PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 2.5), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 10), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 1.0)
Using feature importance as an exploratory data analysis tool on Earth system models Ries, Daniel, Goode, Katherine, McClernon, Kellie, Hillman, Benjamin Atmospheric Ozone, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, U/V Wind Components, U/V Wind Components, Potential Vorticity, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Vertical Profiles, Upper Air Temperature, Air Temperature, Relative Humidity, Specific Humidity, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Altitude, Geopotential Height, Ozone Profiles, Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Aerosols, Aerosol Extinction, Aerosol Optical Depth/Thickness, Angstrom Exponent, Aerosol Particle Properties, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Dust/Ash/Smoke, Organic Particles, Sulfate Particles, Sulfur Oxides, Sulfur Compounds, Sulfate, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfur Oxides, Particulate Matter, Dimethyl Sulfide, Black Carbon, Sea Salt, PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 2.5), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 10), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 1.0)
Atmospheric Processes over the Broader Mediterranean Region 19802024: Effect of Volcanoes, Solar Activity, NAO, and ENSO Kambezidis, Harry D. Aerosols, Aerosol Extinction, Aerosol Optical Depth/Thickness, Angstrom Exponent, Aerosol Particle Properties, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Dust/Ash/Smoke, Organic Particles, Sulfate Particles, Sulfur Oxides, Sulfur Compounds, Sulfate, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfur Oxides, Particulate Matter, Dimethyl Sulfide, Black Carbon, Sea Salt, PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 2.5), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 10), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 1.0), Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
A comprehensive evaluation of black carbon in snow and its radiative forcing in CMIP5 and CMIP6 models based on global field observations Chen, Yang, Xing, Yuxuan, Yan, Shirui, Hou, Yaliang, Li, Xuejing, Shi, Tenglong, Cui, Jiecan, Wu, Dongyou, Zhou, Yue, Hao, Dalei, Pu, Wei, Wang, Xin Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
A sub-monthly timescale causality between snow cover and surface air temperature in the Northern Hemisphere inferred by LiangKleeman information flow analysis Takaya, Yuhei, Komatsu, Kensuke K., Ganeshi, Naresh Govind, Toyoda, Takahiro, Hasumi, Hiroyasu Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Snow Cover
Assessment of atmospheric and surface energy budgets using observation-based data products Mayer, Michael, Kato, Seiji, Bosilovich, Michael, Bechtold, Peter, Mayer, Johannes, Schroder, Marc, Behrangi, Ali, Wild, Martin, Kobayashi, Shinya, Li, Zhujun, LEcuyer, Tristan Heat Flux, Air Temperature, Skin Temperature, Specific Humidity, Water Vapor, Precipitation Rate, Snow/Ice, Evaporation, Latent Heat Flux, Latent Heat Flux, Sensible Heat Flux, Diffusion, Surface Winds, Wind Speed, U/V Wind Components, Wind Stress, Wind Stress, Surface Roughness, Planetary Boundary Layer Height, Ice Fraction, Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Heat Flux, Heat Flux, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Water Vapor Tendency, Water Vapor Flux, Cloud Dynamics, Cloud Microphysics, Precipitation, Atmospheric Ozone
Surface and Atmospheric Heating Responses to Spectrally Resolved Albedo Tolento, Juan P., Zender, Charles S., WhickerClarke, Chloe A. Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
The composite drought index incorporated solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence enhances the monitoring capability of short-term drought Ren, Hangxing, Du, Lin, Peng, Chuanjing, Yang, Jian, Gao, Wei Heat Flux, Air Temperature, Skin Temperature, Specific Humidity, Water Vapor, Precipitation Rate, Snow/Ice, Evaporation, Latent Heat Flux, Latent Heat Flux, Sensible Heat Flux, Diffusion, Surface Winds, Wind Speed, U/V Wind Components, Wind Stress, Wind Stress, Surface Roughness, Planetary Boundary Layer Height, Ice Fraction, Geopotential Height, Atmospheric Ozone, Pressure Thickness, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Upper Air Temperature, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Fraction, U/V Wind Components, Ozone Profiles, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Atmospheric Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
The Land Wet-Bulb Temperature Increases Faster Than the Sea Surface Chu, Haoran, Cao, Chang, Wang, Wei, Xiao, Wei, Zhang, Keer, Zhang, Mi, Lee, Xuhui Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Atmospheric Processes over the Broader Mediterranean Region: Effect of the El NinoSouthern Oscillation? Kambezidis, Harry D. Aerosols, Aerosol Extinction, Aerosol Optical Depth/Thickness, Angstrom Exponent, Aerosol Particle Properties, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Dust/Ash/Smoke, Organic Particles, Sulfate Particles, Sulfur Oxides, Sulfur Compounds, Sulfate, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfur Oxides, Particulate Matter, Dimethyl Sulfide, Black Carbon, Sea Salt, PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 2.5), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 10), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 1.0), Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Amazon forest biogeography predicts resilience and vulnerability to drought Chen, Shuli, Stark, Scott C., Nobre, Antonio Donato, Cuartas, Luz Adriana, de Jesus Amore, Diogo, Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia, Smith, Marielle N., Chitra-Tarak, Rutuja, Ko, Hongseok, Nelson, Bruce W., Saleska, Scott R. Tropopause, Surface Pressure, Air Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Total Precipitable Water, Water Vapor, Cloud Height, Cloud Top Pressure, Cloud Top Temperature, Cloud Vertical Distribution, Emissivity, Sea Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Carbon Monoxide, Geopotential Height, Humidity, Water Vapor Profiles, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Outgoing Longwave Radiation, Methane, Atmospheric Ozone, Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Occurrence Frequency of Global Atmospheric River (AR) Events: A Data Wang, HongRu, Li, FangFang, Grigorev, Georgii V., Yao, ZhanYu, Ge, Dong, Wang, GuangQian, Qiu, Jun Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Radiative effect of atmospheric Brown clouds over the Indo-Gangetic plain Jangid, Manish, Sankhla, Tanerao Singh, Singh, Sachchidanand, Mishra, Amit Kumar Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Dust cycle, soiling effect and optimum cleaning schedule for PV modules Hosseini Dehshiri, Seyyed Shahabaddin, Firoozabadi, Bahar Aerosols, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Dust/Ash/Smoke, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfur Oxides, Sulfate, Sulfate Particles, Sulfur Oxides, Particulate Matter, Emissions, UV Aerosol Index, Gas/Aerosol Composition, Aerosol Extinction, Deposition, Aerosol Optical Depth/Thickness, Angstrom Exponent, Aerosol Particle Properties, Organic Particles, Sulfur Compounds, Dimethyl Sulfide, Black Carbon, Sea Salt, PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 2.5), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 10), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 1.0), Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Heat Flux, Air Temperature, Specific Humidity, Water Vapor, Precipitation Rate, Snow/Ice, Evaporation, Latent Heat Flux, Latent Heat Flux, Sensible Heat Flux, Diffusion, Surface Winds, Wind Speed, U/V Wind Components, Wind Stress, Wind Stress, Surface Roughness, Planetary Boundary Layer Height, Ice Fraction
A submonthly scale causal relation between snow cover and surface air temperature over the autumnal Eurasian continent Komatsu, Kensuke K., Takaya, Yuhei, Toyoda, Takahiro, Hasumi, Hiroyasu Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Atmospheric Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
The Role of Global Thunderstorm Activity in Modulating Global Cirrus Clouds Saha, J., Price, C., Guha, A. Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Spatiotemporal analysis of absorbing aerosols and radiative forcing over environmentally distinct stations in East Africa during 20012018 Khamala, Geoffrey W., Makokha, John W., Boiyo, Richard, Kumar, Kanike Raghavendra Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Effect of Aerosol Vertical Distribution on the Modeling of Solar Radiation Fountoulakis, Ilias, Papachristopoulou, Kyriakoula, Proestakis, Emmanouil, Amiridis, Vassilis, Kontoes, Charalampos, Kazadzis, Stelios Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Aerosol Optical Depth/Thickness, Atmospheric Ozone, Reflectance
Analysis of hydrological impacts caused by climatic and anthropogenic changes in Upper Grande River Basin, Brazil Melo, Pamela A., Alvarenga, Livia A., Tomasella, Javier, de Mello, Carlos R., Martins, Minella A., Coelho, Gilberto Heat Flux, Air Temperature, Skin Temperature, Specific Humidity, Water Vapor, Precipitation Rate, Snow/Ice, Evaporation, Latent Heat Flux, Latent Heat Flux, Sensible Heat Flux, Diffusion, Surface Winds, Wind Speed, U/V Wind Components, Wind Stress, Wind Stress, Surface Roughness, Planetary Boundary Layer Height, Ice Fraction, Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Evaluation of MERRA-2 hourly surface solar radiation across China Du, Yunfei, Shi, Hongrong, Zhang, Jinqiang, Xia, Xiangao, Yao, Zhendong, Fu, Disong, Hu, Bo, Huang, Chunlin Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Aerosols, Aerosol Extinction, Aerosol Optical Depth/Thickness, Angstrom Exponent, Aerosol Particle Properties, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Dust/Ash/Smoke, Organic Particles, Sulfate Particles, Sulfur Oxides, Sulfur Compounds, Sulfate, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfur Oxides, Particulate Matter, Dimethyl Sulfide, Black Carbon, Sea Salt, PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 2.5), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 10), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 1.0)
Testing the climate intervention potential of ocean afforestation using the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt Bach, Lennart T., Tamsitt, Veronica, Gower, Jim, Hurd, Catriona L., Raven, John A., Boyd, Philip W. Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
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Variables

The table below lists the variables contained within a single granule for this dataset. Variables often contain observed or derived geophysical measurements collected from a variety of sources, including remote sensing instruments on satellite and airborne platforms, field campaigns, in situ measurements, and model outputs. The terms variable, parameter, scientific data set, layer, and band have been used across NASA’s Earth science disciplines; however, variable is the designated nomenclature in NASA’s Common Metadata Repository (CMR). Variable metadata attributes such as Name, Description, Units, Data Type, Fill Value, Valid Range, and Scale Factor allow users to efficiently process and analyze the data. The full range of attributes may not be applicable to all variables. Additional information on variable attributes is typically available in the data, user guide, and/or other product documentation.

For questions on a specific variable, please use the Earthdata Forum.

Name Description Units Data Type Fill Value Valid Range Scale Factor Offset
ALBEDO ALBEDO 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
ALBNIRDF ALBNIRDF 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
ALBNIRDR ALBNIRDR 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
ALBVISDF ALBVISDF 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
ALBVISDR ALBVISDR 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
CLDHGH CLDHGH 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
CLDLOW CLDLOW 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
CLDMID CLDMID 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
CLDTOT CLDTOT 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
EMIS EMIS 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
lat lat degrees_north float64 N/A N/A N/A N/A
lon lon degrees_east float64 N/A N/A N/A N/A
LWGAB LWGAB W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
LWGABCLR LWGABCLR W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
LWGABCLRCLN LWGABCLRCLN W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
LWGEM LWGEM W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
LWGNT LWGNT W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
LWGNTCLR LWGNTCLR W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
LWGNTCLRCLN LWGNTCLRCLN W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
LWTUP LWTUP W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
LWTUPCLR LWTUPCLR W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
LWTUPCLRCLN LWTUPCLRCLN W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
SWGDN SWGDN W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
SWGDNCLR SWGDNCLR W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
SWGNT SWGNT W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
SWGNTCLN SWGNTCLN W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
SWGNTCLR SWGNTCLR W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
SWGNTCLRCLN SWGNTCLRCLN W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
SWTDN SWTDN W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
SWTNT SWTNT W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
SWTNTCLN SWTNTCLN W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
SWTNTCLR SWTNTCLR W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
SWTNTCLRCLN SWTNTCLRCLN W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
TAUHGH TAUHGH 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
TAULOW TAULOW 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
TAUMID TAUMID 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
TAUTOT TAUTOT 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
time time minutes since 2025-11-01 00:30:00 int32 N/A N/A N/A N/A
TS TS K float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
Var_ALBEDO Var_ALBEDO 1 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
Var_ALBNIRDF Var_ALBNIRDF 1 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
Var_ALBNIRDR Var_ALBNIRDR 1 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
Var_ALBVISDF Var_ALBVISDF 1 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
Var_ALBVISDR Var_ALBVISDR 1 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
Var_CLDHGH Var_CLDHGH 1 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
Var_CLDLOW Var_CLDLOW 1 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
Var_CLDMID Var_CLDMID 1 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
Var_CLDTOT Var_CLDTOT 1 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
Var_EMIS Var_EMIS 1 1 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
Var_LWGAB Var_LWGAB W m-2 W m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A N/A N/A
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