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Description

This dataset provides Daymet Version 4 R1 data as gridded estimates of daily weather parameters for North America, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Daymet variables include the following parameters: minimum temperature, maximum temperature, precipitation, shortwave radiation, vapor pressure, snow water equivalent, and day length. The dataset covers the period from January 1, 1980, to December 31 (or December 30 in leap years) of the most recent full calendar year for the Continental North America and Hawaii spatial regions. Data for Puerto Rico is available starting in 1950. Each subsequent year is processed individually at the close of a calendar year. Daymet variables are provided as individual files, by variable and year, at a 1 km x 1 km spatial resolution and a daily temporal resolution. Areas of Hawaii and Puerto Rico are available as files separate from the continental North America. Data are in a North America Lambert Conformal Conic projection and are distributed in a standardized Climate and Forecast (CF)-compliant netCDF file format. In Version 4 R1, all 2020 and 2021 files were updated to improve predictions especially in high-latitude areas. It was found that input files used for deriving 2020 and 2021 data had, for a significant portion of Canadian weather stations, missing daily variable readings for the month of January. NCEI has corrected issues with the Environment Canada ingest feed which led to the missing readings. The revised 2020 and 2021 Daymet V4 R1 files were derived with new GHCNd inputs. Files outside of 2020 and 2021 have not changed from the previous V4 release.

Product Summary

Platforms
MODELS
Instruments
Computer
Spatial Extent

N: 82.9143 S: 14.0749 E: -53.0567 W: -178.133

Location
NORTH AMERICA ,
PUERTO RICO
Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
1950-01-01 to 2024-12-31
Data Partner
THE OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY (ORNL) DISTRIBUTED ACTIVE ARCHIVE CENTER (DAAC) (ORNL_DAAC)
Concept ID
C2532426483-ORNL_CLOUD
Data State
COMPLETE
Number of Files/Granules
1155
Processing Level
4
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Maximum/Minimum Temperature ,
Maximum/Minimum Temperature ,
24 Hour Precipitation Amount ,
Snow Water Equivalent ,
Shortwave Radiation ,
Vapor Pressure

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

Thornton, M. M., Shrestha, R., Wei, Y., Thornton, P. E., & Kao, S.-C. (2022). Daymet: Daily Surface Weather Data on a 1-km Grid for North America, Version 4 R1 (Version 4.1). ORNL Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2129 Date Accessed: 2026-05-14

Documents

Publications Citing This Dataset

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Title Year Author Topic
A climate-informed statistical framework to indirectly estimate trends in future seasonal high flows in snow-dominated watersheds using short-term climate variability indices Gonzalez-Mora, Andres F., Foulon, Etienne, Rousseau, Alain N. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
A large-scale, multitask, multisensory dataset for climate-aware crop monitoring in the US from 20182022 Hohl, Adrian, Ofori-Ampofo, Stella, Fernandez-Torres, Miguel-Angel, Kuzu, Rdvan Salih, Zhu, Xiao Xiang Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
An ecological cascade links climatic variability to avian irruptions and zoonotic salmonellosis outbreaks Tonelli, Benjamin A., Youngflesh, Casey, Tingley, Morgan W. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure, Forest Management
A novel framework for modeling monthly building energy consumption at the mesoscale community level during the zoning phase Lin, Qi, Guan, ChengHe Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Beyond agroecological delineation: A functional understanding of productivity drivers across row crop agroecosystems in the United States Eeswaran, Rasu, Nair, Sujithkumar Surendran, King, Anthony Wayne, Nandialath, Anup Menon, Jagadamma, Sindhu Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Insights into evapotranspiration partitioning based on hydrological observations using the generalized proportionality hypothesis Hassan, Amin, Prentice, Iain Colin, Liang, Xu Leaf Area Index (LAI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure, Evapotranspiration, Photosynthesis, Primary Production, Latent Heat Flux
Hidden Vulnerability: Extreme Drought Threatens Dryland Plant Communities Under Climate Change Wilson, Samuel W., Renne, Rachel R., Burke, Ingrid C., Lauenroth, William K. Precipitation Amount, Maximum/Minimum Temperature, Shortwave Radiation, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent
Hierarchical mixture models and high-resolution monitoring data can inform siting and operational strategies to mitigate bat fatalities at wind turbines Labuzzetta, Charles, Johnsen, Arnold, Andress, Amber, Bohner, Teresa, Grajal-Puche, Alejandro, Seymour, Megan, Straw, Bethany, Thogmartin, Wayne, Udell, Bradley, Wiens, Ashton, Diffendorfer, Jay Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
High-resolution models better simulate historical snowpack declines in the Upper Colorado River Basin Dixit, Ankur, Rahimi, Stefan, Huang, Lei, Musselman, Keith N, Vano, Julie A, Addor, Nans, Lehner, Flavio Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Historical trends reveal significant increase in hot-dry extremes in Mexico's Bajio region Rettie, Fasil M., Sapkota, Tek B., Fonteyne, Simon, Gardi, Mekides W., Sida, Tesfay S. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Harvesting insights: interpretable machine learning to understand environmental drivers of US maize and soybean yield Smith, Harrison W., Heffernan, Christopher J., Ashworth, Amanda J., Nalley, L. Lanier, Bullock, David S., Tullis, Jason, Owens, Phillip R. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Improving the Transferability of SAR-Derived Vegetation Indices for Crop Monitoring Osei, Henry Poku, Simic Milas, Anita, Alam, Mir Md Tasnim Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Determinants of mercury accumulation and risk for Pacific blue mussels (Mytilus trossulus) sampled along a gradient of glacial coverage Barst, Benjamin D., Jenckes, Jordan, Capistrant-Fossa, Kyle A., Iken, Katrin, Porter, Drew, Trifari, Michelle, Ussery, Erin J., Nielsen, Kristin Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Decoding LSTM to Reveal Baseflow Contributions in Fractured and Sedimentary Mountain Basins: A Case Study in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, Southwestern United States Rosati, Michael, Lim, Yeo H., Zemlick, Katie, Syed, Kamran Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Deep learning for groundwater level simulation in unconfined aquifers across the contiguous United States: Analyzing simulations at multiple lead times and integrating groundwater signatures Boo, Kenneth Beng Wee, Chow, Ming Fai, Wong, Wai Peng, Ahmed, Ali Najah, El-Shafie, Ahmed Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Environmental Drivers of Xylogenesis in Taxodium Distichum (Bald Cypress) in the Southeastern United States Foley, Zachary W., Jones, C. Nathan, Lackey, Kimberly, Harley, Grant L., Thaxton, Richard D., Therrell, Matthew D. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Evaluating the Suitability of NLDAS-2 Climate Data for Watershed Modeling: A Case Study of AnnAGNPS in Goodwin Creek Experimental Watershed in Mississippi Rebillout, Luc, Pophet, Nuttita, Al-Hamdan, Mohammad, Ozeren, Yavuz, Bingner, Ronald Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Evaluating post-fire watershed response to varying burn severity and precipitation regimes using fully-distributed and integrated hydrologic models Li, Zhi, Li, Bing, Jiang, Peishi, Hammond, Glenn E., Shuai, Pin, Zahura, Faria T., Coon, Ethan T., Chen, Xingyuan Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Local water use and climate variability drive water stress and alter ecological flows over the conterminous United States Stets, E G, Cashman, M J, Miller, O, Powlen, K A, Martinez, A J, Padilla, J, Archer, A A Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Millennial-scale climatic and cultural impacts on vegetation and fire at the southern edge of the Rocky Mountains, USA Henne, Paul D., Stolze, Susann, Kehrwald, Natalie M., Brice, Becky, Allen, Craig D. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Large streamflow differences between forested and urbanized watersheds in the energylimited eastern United States: The role of evapotranspiration and impervious ... Sun, Ge, Bian, Zihao, Khand, Kul, Caldwell, Peter V., Boggs, Johnny, Wang, Chen, Chen, Yujuan, Liu, Ning, Zhang, Yulong, Chen, Xi, Senay, Gabriel B., McNulty, Steven G. Precipitation Amount, Maximum/Minimum Temperature, Shortwave Radiation, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent
Machine learningbased prediction of cereal rye cover crop biomass across diverse agroecosystems Ghimire, Utsab, Mitra, Alakananda, Fleisher, David, Park, John, Barnaby, Jinyoung Y., Kim, Yonghyun, Han, Eunjin Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Yield From Iowa's First Commercial Miscanthus Fields: Implications of Spatial Variability for Productivity and Sustainability Beyond Research Plots Emran, ShahAl, Petersen, Bryan M., Roney, Heather Elizabeth, Masters, Michael David, Varela, Sebastian, Hedrick, Travis, Leakey, Andrew D. B., VanLoocke, Andy, Heaton, Emily A. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Characterizing the influence of remotely sensed wetland and lake water storage on discharge using LSTM models Vanderhoof, Melanie K., Keenan, William, Dolan, Wayana, Golden, Heather E., Lane, Charles R., Christensen, Jay R., Solvik, Kylen, Rajib, Adnan Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
Climate controls on seasonal groundwaterstream connectivity in snow-dominated semi-arid headwaters Peven, Grace, Link, Timothy E., Hare, Danielle, Liston, Glen E., Eitel, Jan U.H. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Shortwave Radiation, Vapor Pressure
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