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Sulfur Dioxide Data Access and Tools

Commonly Used Sulfur Dioxide Data at a Glance

The following sections will help guide you to topic-specific data and resources for accessing, visualizing, preparing/manipulating (e.g. subsetting), and analyzing data. Each observation, model, and reanalysis data has unique characteristics that should be considered when evaluating its use.

An asterisk (*) next to an entry indicates that near real-time (NRT) data products are available through NASA's Land, Atmosphere Near real-time Capability for EOS (LANCE). While not intended for scientific research, NRT data are good resources for monitoring ongoing or time-critical events. To learn more about the difference between NRT and Standard Science Products, see Near Real Time versus Standard Products.

Spatial ResolutionSpatial CoverageTemporal ResolutionTemporal CoverageSpectral ResolutionSatellite/ PlatformName (Sensor, Model, etc.)Observation, Model, or ReanalysisFile Format
50 km x 50 kmGlobal6 minutes2002-20232,378 infrared channels in the 3.74-15.4 micron spectral rangeAqua*AIRSObservationHDF-EOS
13 km x 24 km, 0.25°, 1°Global98 minutes, Daily2004-present1.0-0.45 nm Full Width and Half Maximum (FWHM)AuraOzone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)ObservationHDF-EOS5
7.5 km x 3 kmGlobal101 minutes, Daily2018250-420 nmNASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP)Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS)ObservationnetCDF-4
7 x 3.5 km for all spectral bands, with the exception of the UV1 band (7 x 28 km2) and SWIR bands (7 x 7 km2)GlobalDaily2017-present270 nm-2.3 µm, 0.55 nmESA Sentinel-5PTROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI)ObservationnetCDF
165 km x 3 kmNear-global (-82º to +82º latitude)15 minutes,
Twice daily [day, night]		2021-present190 and 240 GHzAura*MLSObservationHDF-EOS5
0.5° x 0.625°GlobalHourly,
3 hourly,
Monthly		1980-presentN/AN/AMERRA-2ReanalysisnetCDF
0.25º x 0.25°Global15 min, HourlyDaily 5-day forecastN/AN/AGEOS-CFModelnetCDF
0.25º x 0.312°Global3-hourlyNear-real time assimilation (DAS), 10-day forecast at 00z, and 5-day forecast at 12zN/AN/AGEOS FPAnalysisnetCDF
Point measurementsGlobalPeriodic flights occurred during each deployment2016-2018variesAirborne Field CampaignAtmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) campaign with varying instrumentsObservationnetCDF

Sulfur Dioxide Datasets

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Dataset Version Platform Instrument Temporal Extent Spatial Extent Spatial Resolution Data Format
POLARIS Ground Site Data 1 GROUND STATIONS CPFM 1997-01-06 to 1997-09-26 AMES
SAFARI 2000 Biomass Burning Emissions, Selected Sites, Dry Season 2000 1 LABORATORY CHEMILUMINESCENCE, ION CHROMATOGRAPHS, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHS, IR CO2 ANALYZER 2000-11-24 to 2001-01-16

N: 0 S: -35 E: 50 W: 10

Shapefile
SAFARI 2000 CV-580 Aerosol and Cloud Data, Dry Season 2000 (CARG) 1 CONVAIR CV-580 UV OZONE DETECTORS, FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, IR CO2 ANALYZER, PYRANOMETERS, CNC, AEROSOL/CLOUD PARTICLE SIZER, THERMOMETERS 2000-08-10 to 2000-09-18

N: -14 S: -26 E: 36 W: 11

Shapefile
SAFARI 2000 JRA Aerocommander Trace Gas, Aerosol, and CCN Data, Dry Season 2000 1 AC-680E IR CO2 ANALYZER, HUMIDITY SENSORS, THERMOCOUPLES, PRESSURE SENSORS, CNC, UV OZONE DETECTORS, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY 2000-08-15 to 2000-09-07

N: -17.8293 S: -30.1916 E: 33.1635 W: 22.156

ASCII
SAFARI 2000 JRB Aerocommander Trace Gas and Aerosol Data, Dry Season 2000 1 AC-680E IR CO2 ANALYZER, HUMIDITY SENSORS, THERMOCOUPLES, PRESSURE SENSORS, CNC, UV OZONE DETECTORS, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY 2000-08-15 to 2000-09-07

N: -17.8293 S: -30.1916 E: 33.1635 W: 22.156

ASCII
SARP 2016 Data 1 NASA DC-8 TSI LAS-3340, TSI-3563 Neph, SMPS, CPSPD, TSI CPC-3010, WAS, ATHOS, TD-LIF, SAGA, NDIR GAS ANALYZER, DACOM, DLH, CAMS, CAFS, CIMS, 4STAR, AMS, CLH2, NOxyO3, CIT-ToF-CIMS, PTR-MS, DADS 2016-06-17 to 2016-06-19

N: 38.51 S: 33.49 E: -115.94 W: -120.87

ICARTT
SARP-East 2023 Data 1 B-200, GROUND STATIONS Picarro G2401, Thermo Scientific SO2 43i Analyzer, CAFE, TSI LAS-3340, CNC, NDIR GAS ANALYZER, TAP, CEILOMETERS, LI-850, OZONESONDES 2023-06-01 to 2023-06-29

N: 45 S: 30 E: -70 W: -85

ICARTT, netCDF-4
SEAC4RS DC-8 Aircraft In-Situ Trace Gas Data 1 NASA DC-8 AVOCET, GC-MS, DACOM, LWCC, CAMS, TD-LIF, CIMS, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, CIT-ToF-CIMS, PTR-MS 2013-08-02 to 2013-09-24 ICARTT
SEAC4RS DC-8 Aircraft Miscellaneous Data 1 GEOS-5 Computer 2013-08-06 to 2013-09-23 NetCDF-3, ICARTT
SEAC4RS ER-2 Aircraft Miscellaneous Data 1 GEOS-5 Computer 2013-08-06 to 2013-09-23 NetCDF-3, ICARTT
SEAC4RS Merge Data Files 1 NASA DC-8, NASA ER-2 Computer 2013-08-06 to 2013-09-24 ICARTT
Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Near-Real-Time (NRT) Sulphur Dioxide SO2 1-Orbit L2 5.5km x 3.5km V2 (S5P_L2__SO2____HiR_NRT) at GES DISC 2 Sentinel-5P TROPOMI 2025-01-27 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

3.5 Kilometers x 5.5 Kilometers
Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Sulphur Dioxide SO2 1-Orbit L2 5.5km x 3.5km V1 (S5P_L2__SO2____HiR) at GES DISC 1 Sentinel-5P TROPOMI 2019-08-06 to 2020-07-13

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Sulphur Dioxide SO2 1-Orbit L2 5.5km x 3.5km V2 (S5P_L2__SO2____HiR) at GES DISC 2 Sentinel-5P TROPOMI 2018-04-30 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Sulphur Dioxide SO2 1-Orbit L2 7km x 3.5km V1 (S5P_L2__SO2___) at GES DISC 1 Sentinel-5P TROPOMI 2018-05-06 to 2019-08-06

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

SOLVE I DC-8 Aircraft In-situ Photolysis Rate Data 1 MODELS, NASA DC-8 Computer, SAFS 1999-11-16 to 2000-03-15 AMES
SOLVE I DC-8 Aircraft In-situ Trace Gas Data 1 NASA DC-8 TOTCAP, FASTOZ, ATHOS, NO/NOy, DACOM, ClO/BrO, CIMS 1999-11-22 to 2000-03-15 AMES
SOLVE I ER-2 Aircraft In-situ Photolysis Rate Data 1 MODELS, NASA ER-2 Computer, CPFM 1999-09-23 to 2000-03-18 AMES
Sounder SIPS: Sun Synchronous 13:30 orbit Climate Hyperspectral InfraRed Product (CHIRP): Calibrated Radiances from EOS-Aqua, S-NPP, JPSS-1/NOAA-20, V2 (SNDR13CHRP1) at GES DISC 2 Aqua, Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20 AIRS, CrIS 2002-09-01 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

13.5 Kilometers x 13.5 Kilometers
Sounder SIPS: Sun Synchronous 13:30 orbit Climate Hyperspectral InfraRed Product (CHIRP): Calibrated Radiances from EOS-Aqua, V2 (SNDR13CHRP1AQCal) at GES DISC 2 Aqua, Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20 AIRS, CrIS 2016-09-01 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

13.5 Kilometers x 13.5 Kilometers
Sounder SIPS: Sun Synchronous 13:30 orbit Climate Hyperspectral InfraRed Product (CHIRP): Calibrated Radiances from JPSS-1/NOAA-20, V2 (SNDR13CHRP1J1Cal) at GES DISC 2 Aqua, Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20 AIRS, CrIS 2018-02-17 to 2018-09-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

13.5 Kilometers x 13.5 Kilometers
Sounder SIPS: Sun Synchronous 13:30 orbit Climate Hyperspectral InfraRed Product (CHIRP): Calibrated Radiances from S-NPP, V2 (SNDR13CHRP1SNCal) at GES DISC 2 Aqua, Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20 AIRS, CrIS 2015-11-02 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

13.5 Kilometers x 13.5 Kilometers
STAQS Ground Data 1 GROUND STATIONS DOAS 2023-07-01 to 2023-08-31

N: 42.59 S: 42.58 E: -87.808 W: -87.83

ICARTT
STRAT Ground Site Data 1 GROUND STATIONS LIDAR, CPFM, AROTAL 1995-05-04 to 1996-12-12 AMES
TOMS/N7 MS SO2 Vertical Column 1-Orbit L2 Swath 50x50 km V3 (TOMSN7SO2) at GES DISC 3 Nimbus-7 TOMS 1978-11-01 to 1993-05-07

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

50 Kilometers x 50 Kilometers
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Featured Sulfur Dioxide Observation Method: OMPS

The Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) aboard the joint NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite tracks the health of Earth's ozone layer and measures the concentration of atmospheric ozone. The NOAA-20 and NOAA-21 satellites are also equipped with the instrument. Total column sulfur dioxide data from OMPS are available on a near real-time basis.

Learn More About OMPS
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OMPS Near Real-Time Data

Near real-time Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) data products include total column ozone, total column sulfur dioxide (SO2), vertical ozone profile swath, and aerosol index.

Sulfur Dioxide Data Tools

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