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Description

The daily NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Thermal Anomalies and Fire (VNP14A1) Version 2 data product provides daily information about active fires and other thermal anomalies. The VNP14A1 data product is a global, 1 kilometer (km) gridded composite of fire pixels detected from VIIRS 750 meter (m) bands over a daily (24-hour) period. The VNP14 data products are designed after the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Thermal Anomalies/Fire product suite.

The VNP14A1 product provides a total of four Science Dataset (SDS) layers for the confidence of fire, maximum fire radiative power (FRP), quality assessment (QA), and position of fire within scan. Each data product file is provided in HDF-EOS5 format. A low resolution browse is also provided showing the fire mask layer with a color map applied in JPEG format.

Known Issues

Version Description

The following modifications and enhancements were implemented for Suomi NPP Version 2 thermal anomalies data products: (1) Improved calibration algorithm and coefficients for entire Suomi NPP mission, (2) Improved geolocation accuracy and applied updates to fix outliers around maneuver periods, (3) Corrected the aerosol quantity flag (low, average, high) mainly over brighter surfaces in the mid- to high-latitudes such as desert and tropical vegetation areas. This has an impact on the retrieval of other downstream data products such as VNP13 Vegetation Indices and VNP43 Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF)/Albedo, (4) Improved cloud mask input product for corrections along coastlines and artifacts from use of coarse resolution climatology data, and (5) Replaced the land/water mask input product with the eight-class land/water mask from the VNP03 geolocation product that better aligns with MODIS. Further details can be found in the VIIRS Land V2 Changes document (https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/data/userguide/VIIRS_Land_C2_Cha…).

Product Summary

Platforms
Suomi-NPP
Instruments
VIIRS
Spatial Extent

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

Spatial Resolution
1000 Meters x 1000 Meters
Spatial Reference System(s)
VIIRS Sinusoidal Tiling System
Location
GLOBAL
Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
GEODETIC
Temporal Extent
2012-01-17 to Present
Temporal Resolution
1 Day
Data Partner
Land Science Investigator-led Processing System, Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Sciences and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA (NASA/GSFC/SED/ESD/TISL/LandSIPS) ,
Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC)
Concept ID
C2545314541-LPCLOUD
Data State
ACTIVE
Number of Files/Granules
1499069
Processing Level
3
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Fire Occurrence ,
Land Surface Temperature

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

Giglio, L. (2023). VIIRS/NPP Thermal Anomalies and Fire Daily L3 Global 1km SIN Grid V002 [Data set]. NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP14A1.002 Date Accessed: 2026-02-14

File Naming Convention

VNP14A1.A2025222.h24v07.002.2025224172143.h5

The file name begins with the Product Short Name (VNP14A1) followed by the Julian Date of Acquisition formatted as AYYYYDDD (A2025222), the Tile Identifier which is horizontal tile and vertical tile provided as hXXvYY (h24v07), the Version of the data collection (002), the Julian Date and Time of Production designated as YYYYDDDHHMMSS (2025224172143), and the Data Format (h5).

Documents

USER'S GUIDE

ALGORITHM THEORETICAL BASIS DOCUMENT (ATBD)

PRODUCT QUALITY ASSESSMENT

SCIENCE DATA PRODUCT VALIDATION

GENERAL DOCUMENTATION

Publications Citing This Dataset

Variables

The table below lists the variables contained within a single granule for this dataset. Variables often contain observed or derived geophysical measurements collected from a variety of sources, including remote sensing instruments on satellite and airborne platforms, field campaigns, in situ measurements, and model outputs. The terms variable, parameter, scientific data set, layer, and band have been used across NASA’s Earth science disciplines; however, variable is the designated nomenclature in NASA’s Common Metadata Repository (CMR). Variable metadata attributes such as Name, Description, Units, Data Type, Fill Value, Valid Range, and Scale Factor allow users to efficiently process and analyze the data. The full range of attributes may not be applicable to all variables. Additional information on variable attributes is typically available in the data, user guide, and/or other product documentation.

For questions on a specific variable, please use the Earthdata Forum.

Name Description Units Data Type Fill Value Valid Range Scale Factor
HDFEOS/GRIDS/VIIRS_Grid_Daily_Fire/Data_Fields/FireMask Fire Mask Class uint8 N/A 0 to 9 N/A
HDFEOS/GRIDS/VIIRS_Grid_Daily_Fire/Data_Fields/MaxFRP Maximum Fire Radiative Power Megawatts int32 0 N/A 0.1
HDFEOS/GRIDS/VIIRS_Grid_Daily_Fire/Data_Fields/QA Pixel quality indicators Bit Field uint8 N/A 0 to 6 N/A
HDFEOS/GRIDS/VIIRS_Grid_Daily_Fire/Data_Fields/sample Sample number within a swath N/A int16 -1 0 to 3199 N/A
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