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The SAGE III sunrise time-history of ozone density profiles from May 2002 through February 2003 in the southern hemisphere is shown. The measurement latitudes and tropopause heights (thin black line) at the measurement location are also shown.
Daily averages of parameters that are related to potential PSC observations in the SAGE III/M3M dataset in the Northern Hemi- sphere (i.e., from sunset occultation events). From top to bottom: latitude coverage, aerosol extinction coefficient at 449 nm, and temperature, all provided in the SAGE III/M3M dataset (NASA/LARC/SD/ASDC, 2009). The red line indicates the tropopause height.
Manam (4.08° S) plume dispersion indicated via monthly averages of the aerosol extinction coefficient at 525 nm as provided in the SAGE II v7.0 dataset (NASA/LARC/SD/ASDC, 2012).

SAGE III-M3M

Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment III/Meteor-3M

SAGE III on Метеоr-3М (SAGE III/M3M) was a third generation, satellite-borne instrument and a crucial element in NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS). The instrument was launched on the Russian Meteor-3М spacecraft in December 2001. The mission officially ended on March 6, 2006, due to a power supply system failure resulting in loss of communication with the satellite.

Mission Objectives

The SAGE III mission enhanced our understanding of natural and human-derived atmospheric processes by providing accurate measurements of the vertical structure of aerosols, ozone, water vapor, and other important trace gases in the upper troposphere and stratosphere.

Human-derived changes in climate and ozone threaten the health of our planet. They also threaten global economic development and the use of new technologies like high-speed aircraft. By understanding the effect of human activities on the atmosphere, national and international leaders can make informed policy that addresses these threats.

Role in Earth Observation System

The role of the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment III (SAGE III) in NASA's Earth Observation System (EOS) was to provide global, long-term measurements of key components of the Earth's atmosphere. The most important of these are the vertical distribution of aerosols and ozone from the upper troposphere through the stratosphere. In addition, SAGE III provided unique profiles of the vertical concentration of trace gases, such as water vapor and nitrogen dioxide in the upper troposphere and stratosphere, that play significant roles in atmospheric radiative and chemical processes.

Instrument Design 

The SAGE III instrument was a grating spectrometer to measure ultraviolet/visible energy. It relied upon the flight-proven designs used in the Stratospheric Aerosol Measurement (SAM I) and SAGE I and II instruments.

Development and Mission Details

The SAGE III instrument was developed and managed by NASA's Langley Research Center and was built by Ball Aerospace. Three copies were produced. One instrument was launched on the Meteor-3M spacecraft and a second was placed in orbit on the International Space Station in 2017. The third instrument now serves as a high-fidelity simulator for the SAGE III/ISS mission.

SAGE III on the Meteor-3M was a joint mission between NASA and the Russian Space Agency (RSA). It was launched December 10, 2001, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.

Science Team and Data Quality

The SAGE III-M3M Science Team functioned in a dual role ensuring the data quality and interpreting the SAGE III data in the broader context of global change.

  • M. Patrick McCormick, Hampton University (Previously NASA Langley Research Center)
  • Colette Brogniez, Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique, Université des Sciences et de Technologies de Lille
  • Andre A. Chernikov, Space Research Institute of Russia’s Academy of Science
  • William P. Chu, NASA Langley Research Center
  • Derek M. Cunnold, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • John DeLuisi, NOAA
  • Patrick A. Durkee
  • N.F. Elansky, Oboukhov Institute Atmospheric Physics
  • Benjamin M. Herman, University of Arizona
  • P.V. Hobbs, University of Washington
  • Geoff S. Kent, Science and Technology Corporation
  • Jacqueline Lenoble, Universite de Lille, France
  • A.J. Miller, NOAA
  • V.A. Mohnen, University of Albany
  • V. Ramaswamy, NOAA
  • David H. Rind, Goddard Institute for Space Studies
  • Phillip B. Russell, SRI International Science
  • V.K. Saxena, North Carolina State Univeristy
  • Eric P. Shettle, Naval Research Laboratory
  • Larry W. Thomason, NASA Langley Research Center
  • Charles Trepte, NASA Langley Research Center
  • G. Vali, University of Wyoming
  • Steven C. Wofsy, Harvard University
  • Joseph M. Zawodny, NASA Langley Research Center