Users who rely on the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) for applications that require ongoing observations are encouraged to begin transitioning their workflows to alternative data sources to ensure continuity into the future.
For use cases that only rely on the historical ASTER archive or use static ASTER-derived products—including the ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (ASTER GDEM), the ASTER Global Water Bodies Database (ASTWBD), or the ASTER Global Emissivity Dataset (ASTER GED)—there is no need to transition, and those data will remain available. For a complete listing of the ASTER Version 4 products that are preserved in the Version 4 historical archive, please see the referenced datasets in the ASTER Version 4 Historical Processing Completed Data Alert.
This page provides chronological information about ASTER, as well as recommended options, guidance, and resources to support a smooth transition to alternative data sources.
About ASTER
ASTER is one of five instruments aboard Terra, the flagship of NASA's Earth Observing System, which launched on December 18, 1999. ASTER was developed through a partnership between NASA and Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) and was designed to acquire high-spatial-resolution imagery across 14 spectral bands using three subsystems:
- Visible and Near-Infrared (VNIR): 3 nadir-pointing bands (green, red, NIR) at 15-meter spatial resolution, and one additional backward-pointing NIR band (Band 3B) for stereo imaging
- Shortwave Infrared (SWIR): 6 bands at 30-meter spatial resolution (1.60–2.43 µm)
- Thermal Infrared (TIR): 5 bands at 90-meter spatial resolution (8.125-11.65 µm)
Unlike broader-swath instruments, such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), ASTER collects targeted scenes of roughly 60 km by 60 km rather than continuous global coverage. This tasked, non-systematic acquisition model made ASTER especially valuable for focused investigations of geologic features, volcanic systems, urban heat, cryosphere change, and land surface composition. Additionally, the ASTER Expedited Data System (EDS) has provided rapid, near real-time processing and delivery of ASTER observations to support time-critical scientific and hazard-response applications.
Collecting data for more than 25 years, ASTER has built a global archive that remains important for geological and mineralogical mapping, volcano monitoring and hotspot detection, glacial monitoring, land cover characterization, and emissivity and temperature retrieval.
ASTER began collecting data in March 2000. In April 2008, ASTER stopped producing usable SWIR science data due to anomalously high SWIR detector temperatures. The TIR subsystem was permanently turned off on January 16, 2026, due to Terra power limitations. Only the VNIR subsystem continues to collect new data.
Additionally, ASTER on‑demand processing was permanently discontinued as part of the retirement of ASTER Versions 3.0–3.1, following the completion of the ASTER Version 4 historical archive in December 2025. New ASTER VNIR-only observations are processed into the applicable ASTER Version 4 datasets as the required input data become available, providing users with consistently processed data that is ready to use and comparable across the full time series.
The ASTER archive will remain an essential long-term historical data resource accessible in NASA’s Earthdata Cloud via Earthdata Search and the Common Metadata Repository (CMR). Version 4 is the final planned historical reprocessing campaign as of August 2026 and should be treated as the long-term ASTER data record unless NASA announces a future update.
The next tab above—data transition options—is intended to help users plan and adapt to the eventual end of the ASTER era.
No single instrument reproduces ASTER's full combination of 15-meter three-band VNIR, 30-meter six-band SWIR, 90-meter five-band TIR, and stereo imaging options. For workflows requiring comparable coverage across these capabilities, continuity will generally require a multi-sensor strategy. The table below summarizes the available options; detailed descriptions follow.
| Mission | Spatial Resolution | Spectral Coverage | Temporal Resolution | Time Period | Data Access |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASTER | 15 m (VNIR) 30 m (SWIR) 90 m (TIR) | 14 bands VNIR-SWIR-TIR 520-11650 nm | Non-recurring (tasked) | 2000 - present | CMR Earthdata Search |
| Landsat 7 | 15 m (Pan) 30 m (VSWIR) 60 m (TIR) | 8 bands VNIR-SWIR-TIR 450-12500 nm | 16-day revisit | 1999 - 2024 | M2M API USGS EarthExplorer |
| Landsat 8-9 | 15 m (Pan) 30 m (VSWIR) 100 m (TIR) | 11 bands VNIR-SWIR-TIR 433-12510 nm | 8-day revisit | 2013 - present | M2M API USGS EarthExplorer |
| HLS | 30 m (VSWIR) | 8 (L) /12 (S) bands VNIR-SWIR (no TIR) 430-2290 nm | 1.6-day revisit | 2013 - present | Earthdata Search, CMR, AppEEARS, EGIS, Worldview |
| ECOSTRESS | 70 m | 5 bands TIR 8000-12500 nm | Variable (ISS) | 2018 - present | Earthdata Search, CMR, AppEEARS |
| EMIT | 60 m | 285 bands VSWIR 381-2493 nm | Variable (ISS) | 2022 - present | Earthdata Search, CMR, AppEEARS |
| VIIRS NRT | 375-750 m | 22 bands VNIR-SWIR-TIR 410-12490 nm | Daily | 2012 - present | Earthdata Search, CMR, LANCE NRT, FIRMS, Worldview |
Table 1: Summary of spatial, spectral, and temporal characteristics and data access options for ASTER and related Earth‑observing missions.
ASTER Historical Archive
For many use cases, the best ASTER transition strategy is continued use of the ASTER archive itself. This is especially true for geologic and mineralogic mapping based on the pre-2008 SWIR archive; for DEM and stereo-derived terrain products; for emissivity and thermal analyses using the historical TIR archive (March 2000 through January 16, 2026); and for any work that does not require new acquisitions.
The pre-2008 ASTER SWIR archive (6 bands, 30 m, 1.60–2.43 µm) remains a uniquely valuable, freely available global 30-meter multi-band SWIR dataset optimized for hydrothermal alteration mapping and mineral discrimination. EMIT provides superior spectral resolution but at coarser spatial resolution (60 m) and without systematic global coverage. Therefore, the ASTER archive remains the primary open access resource for retrospective SWIR mineral mapping at 30-meter scale.
ASTER GDEM Version 3, the global elevation mosaic derived from ASTER stereo imagery, remains available from LP DAAC. Per-scene stereo DEMs (AST14DEM) are processed and available in the Version 4 archive for acquisitions through 2026. For accuracy-critical applications, peer-reviewed assessments have found ASTER GDEM has lower vertical accuracy than other freely available global DEMs such as NASADEM, and users may want to consider transitioning to that data source.
ASTER remains valuable for retrospective work because no newer mission reproduces its exact combination of spatial scale, spectral design, stereo capability, and archive length.
Current Options
Landsat
Landsat 7, Landsat 8, and Landsat 9 provide a continuous, well‑calibrated multispectral and thermal record from 1999 to the present, fully spanning ASTER’s operational period and offering the most consistent long‑term alternative for users who need systematic observations across the VNIR, SWIR, and TIR wavelengths that will continue to collect new data into the future.
Landsat 7, which operated from 1999 to 2024, offers moderate‑resolution VNIR, SWIR, and TIR data that can be useful for historical continuity in workflows involving long time series. The Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) instrument provides eight spectral bands, including a 15‑meter panchromatic band, 30‑meter VNIR/SWIR bands, and a 60‑meter thermal band. However, following the Scan Line Corrector (SLC) failure in 2003, all subsequent Landsat 7 acquisitions include data gaps (SLC‑off), which users must account for in analysis. Landsat 7 remains valuable for retrospective studies extending from 1999-2024.
Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 are the broadest general-purpose transition option for ASTER users who need recurring, systematic acquisitions with visible, near-infrared, shortwave infrared, and thermal coverage. The Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) provide 30-meter VNIR and SWIR data and thermal measurements at 100 meters (resampled to 30 m in standard products), with an 8-day combined revisit across the two satellites.
Landsat is especially useful for reflectance, surface temperature, and long-term change analysis because it offers predictable repeat coverage and a stable, gold-standard-calibrated and well-supported Landsat 8-9 archive starting in 2013.
Key limitations are that Landsat has only two SWIR bands rather than ASTER's six and only two thermal bands rather than ASTER's five, which limits certain uses (e.g., emissivity retrieval accuracy). Landsat 8 Band 11 (TIRS) has documented stray light artifacts; Band 10 is preferred for land surface temperature retrievals from Landsat 8. Landsat 9 carries an improved TIRS-2 instrument with substantially reduced stray light.
Landsat has no stereo capability comparable to ASTER's along-track DEM generation. Landsat nighttime thermal scenes exist and are still actively collected through the Landsat Special User Request effort. These data have been demonstrated as a viable alternative to ASTER nighttime TIR observations; however, they do not constitute a systematic global nighttime thermal record.
Landsat Collection 2 (C2) data are archived and distributed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) through EarthExplorer and the Machine-to-Machine M2M API. Surface reflectance Landsat C2 U.S. Analysis Ready Data (ARD) are also available in AppEEARS. Please visit the USGS Landsat Data Access website for the definitive source of current Landsat data access options.
Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS)
Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) is one of the strongest transition options for ASTER users whose workflows depend mainly on VNIR and SWIR reflectance and who benefit from higher revisit frequency. HLS combines Landsat 8/9 OLI (HLSL30) and Sentinel-2A/B/C Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) (HLSS30) into a harmonized, analysis-ready 30-meter surface reflectance time series with a combined average revisit of 1.6 days. The archive begins in April 2013 for HLSL30 and November 2015 for HLSS30. HLS Vegetation Indices products (HLSL30_VI and HLSS30_VI) were added in February 2025.
HLS is a strong choice for ASTER users moving from targeted scene analysis to more regular monitoring, but it does not include thermal infrared bands and does not replace ASTER stereo or detailed six-band SWIR mineral mapping capabilities. One of the Satellite Needs Working Group (SNWG) 2024 solutions is a High Resolution Harmonized Land Surface Temperature (LST) Product derived from combined Landsat, Sentinel-2, and VIIRS data. That project is currently in development and may be a future alternative for ASTER TIR users as well. Additionally, a lower-latency HLS product is under development that will reduce delivery time to near real-time, improving its value for time-sensitive VSWIR workflows.
ECOSTRESS
ECOSTRESS (ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station) is a leading transition option for users whose priority is ASTER-like thermal infrared data, especially for land surface temperature and emissivity applications. Installed aboard the International Space Station in 2018, ECOSTRESS measures in five TIR bands across a similar spectral range as ASTER TIR (8–12.5 µm) at approximately 70-meter spatial resolution, using the same Temperature Emissivity Separation (TES) algorithm.
Published comparisons confirm ECOSTRESS and ASTER LST retrievals are consistent to within approximately 1 K, and global emissivity comparisons show approximately 1% mean absolute bias (see references). ECOSTRESS also acquires both daytime and nighttime scenes, making it especially valuable for water stress, burn severity, post-fire recovery, urban heat, thermal anomaly, volcano monitoring, and diurnal temperature studies.
As of August 2026, users are encouraged to use Version 2 ECOSTRESS products for applications requiring historical data or a complete time series, or Version 3 for forward-imaging applications. (Historical archive processing is expected to be completed in 2027, but please visit the ECOSTRESS Reprocessing Timeline web page for the latest status.)
ECOSTRESS Version 1 products were decommissioned on May 21–30, 2025. Available ECOSTRESS products include radiance, LST, Evapotranspiration (ET), Water Use Efficiency (WUE), and Evaporative Stress Index (ESI) available in several different formats and processing levels. For a complete listing of ECOSTRESS products, please visit the Data Catalog.
ECOSTRESS operates from the space station on a non-Sun-synchronous, precessing orbit. Its revisit is non-recurring, overpass time varies, coverage is not systematic, and observations are limited to approximately 52°N to 52°S latitude. ECOSTRESS should be treated as a strong thermal complement—and in many cases the best thermal successor—rather than a full one-for-one ASTER replacement.
EMIT
EMIT (Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation) is a strong transition option for ASTER users focused on VNIR-SWIR mineral mapping, surface composition, or spectroscopy-driven analysis. Installed on the space station in 2022, EMIT is an imaging spectrometer covering ~380–2500 nm at approximately 7.5 nm spectral sampling (285 bands) and 60-meter spatial resolution.
Compared to ASTER's six multispectral SWIR bands, EMIT provides far richer spectral information, enabling direct mineral identification for clay minerals, carbonates, sulfates, iron oxides, and other minerals. Key products relevant to ASTER include Radiance (EMITL1BRAD), Surface Reflectance (EMITL2ARFL), Estimated Mineral Identification (EMITL2BMIN), and Aggregated Mineral Spectral Abundance (EMITL3ASA).
EMIT is best suited to applications where spectral detail matters more than systematic revisit. Its main limitations are coarser spatial resolution than ASTER SWIR (60 m vs. 30 m), non-recurring coverage limited to approximately 52°N to 52°S, and an archive beginning in August 2022.
VIIRS
ASTER Expedited datasets will retire once new observations cease being acquired. Users who depend on near real-time workflows should transition away from ASTER for rapid-response applications. Near real-time (NRT) land data are available from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) sensors aboard the joint NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP), NOAA-20 and NOAA-21 satellites. (Note: Prior to launch, NOAA-20 was known as the Joint Polar Satellite System, or JPSS-1, satellite and NOAA-21 was known as JPSS-2.)
VIIRS NRT products—including surface reflectance (VJ109_NRT at 375 and 750 m), active fire (VJ114IMG_NRT at 375 m), land surface temperature (VJ121_NRT at 750 m), and nighttime lights (VJ146A1_NRT at 15 arc-second)—are typically available within three hours of satellite observation. Additional information on VIIRS NRT data can be found on the VIIRS Overview Page. ASTER users should keep in mind that the spatial resolution of VIIRS is much coarser than the ASTER Expedited datasets.
Future Options
Landsat 10
Looking ahead, Landsat 10 (Landsat Next) will provide an important long‑term continuity option for users planning beyond ASTER’s mission lifetime. Landsat 10 will extend the program’s five‑decade record of calibrated, global land imaging and is designed to maintain consistency with earlier Landsat missions.
The mission is expected to introduce a “superspectral” 26‑band instrument suite that includes 21 visible‑to‑shortwave infrared (VSWIR) bands and five thermal infrared (TIR) bands—aligning even closer to ASTER’s available bands and enabling more detailed monitoring of water quality, vegetation health, soils, snow and ice, and other environmental parameters than previous Landsat missions.
Landsat 10 will operate in a Sun‑synchronous orbit at 653 km, with an 18‑day revisit and 10–20 m VSWIR spatial resolution (and 60 m atmospheric/TIR bands), providing substantially enhanced spatial and spectral capabilities for land‑surface monitoring.
These improvements, combined with Landsat’s commitment to continuity in calibration, product quality, and open data access, position Landsat 10 as a key future resource for users transitioning from ASTER to next‑generation multispectral and thermal Earth observation datasets. Please note that Landsat 10 specs are still in the planning stages and are subject to change.
| ASTER Product | Alternatives |
|---|---|
| ASTER L1A Reconstructed Unprocessed Instrument Data V004 (AST_L1A.004) | Landsat 8-9 Operational Land Imager / Thermal Infrared Sensor Level-1, Collection 2 |
| ASTER Expedited L1A Reconstructed Unprocessed Instrument Data V003 (AST_L1AE.003) | VIIRS-Land Near Real-Time Data |
| HLS Low Latency Products (Coming Soon!) | |
| ASTER L1B Registered Radiance at the Sensor V004 (AST_L1B.004) | Landsat 8-9 Operational Land Imager / Thermal Infrared Sensor Level-1, Collection 2 |
| ECOSTRESS Tiled Top of Atmosphere Calibrated Radiance Instantaneous L1C Global 70 m V002 (ECO_L1CT_RAD.002) | |
| EMIT L1B At-Sensor Calibrated Radiance and Geolocation Data 60 m V001 (EMITL1BRAD.001) | |
| ASTER Expedited L1B Registered Radiance at the Sensor V003 (AST_L1BE.003) | VIIRS-Land Near Real-Time Data |
| HLS Low Latency Products (Coming Soon!) | |
| ASTER Level 1T Precision Terrain Corrected Registered At-Sensor Radiance V004 (AST_L1T.004) | Landsat 8-9 Operational Land Imager / Thermal Infrared Sensor Level-2, Collection 2 |
| ASTER L2 Surface Radiance VNIR and SWIR V004 (AST_09.004) | Landsat 8-9 Operational Land Imager / Thermal Infrared Sensor Level-2, Collection 2 |
| ASTER L2 Surface Radiance VNIR and Crosstalk Corrected SWIR V004 (AST_09XT.004) | Landsat 8-9 Operational Land Imager / Thermal Infrared Sensor Level-2, Collection 2 |
| ASTER L2 Surface Emissivity V004 (AST_05.004) | ECOSTRESS Tiled Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity Instantaneous L2 Global 70 m V002 (ECO_L2T_LSTE.002) |
| ASTER L2 Surface Radiance TIR V004 (AST_09T.004) | ECOSTRESS Tiled Top of Atmosphere Calibrated Radiance Instantaneous L1C Global 70 m V002 (ECO_L1CT_RAD.002) |
| ASTER L2 Surface Reflectance VNIR and SWIR V004 (AST_07.004) | HLS Sentinel-2 Multi-spectral Instrument Surface Reflectance Daily Global 30m v2.0 (HLSS30.002) |
| HLS Landsat Operational Land Imager Surface Reflectance and TOA Brightness Daily Global 30m v2.0 (HLSL30.002) | |
| Landsat 8-9 Operational Land Imager Level-2, Collection 2 Surface Reflectance | |
| EMIT L2A Estimated Surface Reflectance and Uncertainty and Masks 60 m V001 (EMITL2ARFL.001) | |
| ASTER L2 Surface Reflectance VNIR and Crosstalk Corrected SWIR V004 (AST_07XT.004) | HLS Sentinel-2 Multi-spectral Instrument Surface Reflectance Daily Global 30m v2.0 (HLSS30.002) |
| HLS Landsat Operational Land Imager Surface Reflectance and TOA Brightness Daily Global 30m v2.0 (HLSL30.002) | |
| Landsat 8-9 Operational Land Imager Level-2, Collection 2 Surface Reflectance | |
| EMIT L2A Estimated Surface Reflectance and Uncertainty and Masks 60 m V001 (EMITL2ARFL.001) | |
| ASTER L2 Surface Kinetic Temperature V004 (AST_08.004) | ECOSTRESS Tiled Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity Instantaneous L2 Global 70 m V002 (ECO_L2T_LSTE.002) |
| Landsat 8-9 Thermal Infrared Sensor Level-2, Collection 2 Surface Temperature | |
| ASTER Digital Elevation Model V004 (AST14DEM.004) | Continue Using Historical Archive |
| ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003 (ASTGTM.003) | |
| ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003 (ASTGTM.003) | Static Dataset—Not Applicable |
| NASADEM Merged DEM Global 1 arc second V001 (NASADEM_HGT.001) | |
| ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model NetCDF V003 (ASTGTM_NC.003) | Static Dataset—Not Applicable |
| NASADEM Merged DEM Global 1 arc second V001 (NASADEM_HGT.001) | |
| ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model Attributes NetCDF V003 (ASTGTM_NUMNC.003) | Static Dataset—Not Applicable |
| NASADEM Merged DEM Global 1 arc second V001 (NASADEM_HGT.001) | |
| ASTER Global Water Bodies Database V001 (ASTWBD.001) | Static Dataset—Not Applicable |
| OPERA Dynamic Surface Water Extent from Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 product (Version 1) (OPDSW-PL3V1) | |
| Landsat Level-3 Dynamic Surface Water Extent, Collection 2 | |
| ASTER Global Water Bodies Database Attributes NetCDF V001 (ASTWBD_ATTNC.001) | Static Dataset—Not Applicable |
| OPERA Dynamic Surface Water Extent from Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 product (Version 1) (OPDSW-PL3V1) | |
| Landsat Level-3 Dynamic Surface Water Extent, Collection 2 | |
| ASTER Global Water Bodies Database NetCDF V001 (ASTWBD_NC.001) | Static Dataset—Not Applicable |
| OPERA Dynamic Surface Water Extent from Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 product (Version 1) (OPDSW-PL3V1) | |
| Landsat Level-3 Dynamic Surface Water Extent, Collection 2 | |
| ASTER Global Emissivity Dataset, Monthly, 0.05 deg, HDF5 V041 (AG5KMMOH.041) | Static Dataset—Not Applicable |
| ASTER Global Emissivity Dataset, 100 meter, HDF5 V003 (AG100.003) | Static Dataset—Not Applicable |
| ASTER Global Emissivity Dataset, 1 kilometer, HDF5 V003 (AG1KM.003) | Static Dataset—Not Applicable |
Earthdata Search and CMR
NASA’s Earthdata Search is the primary web interface for discovering, visualizing, and accessing NASA Earth Science data. The Common Metadata Repository (CMR) provides the metadata and API layer that supports both interactive searches and programmatic workflows. All ASTER, ECOSTRESS, EMIT, HLS, VIIRS, and DEM products referenced on this page are discoverable and accessible via the Earthdata Search Web Interface or programmatically via the CMR Search API.
EarthExplorer and the M2M API
USGS EarthExplorer and the Machine-to-Machine (M2M) API are the main access points for Landsat Collection 2 data. EarthExplorer supports interactive spatial and temporal search; M2M enables programmatic bulk downloads. These services are appropriate for Landsat and other USGS-managed datasets. Please note that as of August 30, 2024, LP DAAC products — including ASTER and ECOSTRESS — are no longer accessible through EarthExplorer.
AppEEARS
The Application for Extracting and Exploring Analysis Ready Samples (AppEEARS) is NASA Earthdata’s tool for point- and area-based extraction, reprojection, and transformation of supported geospatial datasets. AppEEARS currently supports ASTER GDEM and the ASTER Global Waterbodies Database, as well as all the ECOSTRESS, EMIT, HLS, and DEM products referenced on this page. Additionally, Landsat 4-9 U.S. Analysis Ready Data, Collection 2 Surface Reflectance Products are available in AppEEARS.
Landsat 8-9 Global OLI/TIRS Level-2, Collection 2 Surface Reflectance and Surface Temperature Products and ASTER V4 products are not currently available in AppEEARS. If access to additional Landsat and/or ASTER Version 4 products through AppEEARS would benefit your work, or any additional products are desired, please log in with your Earthdata Login account and let us know.
Earthaccess
The earthaccess Python library provides a simple way to authenticate, search, and access NASA Earth science data programmatically, making it especially useful for scripted and cloud-based workflows. All ASTER, ECOSTRESS, EMIT, HLS, VIIRS, and DEM products referenced on this page are hosted in NASA’s Earthdata Cloud (AWS us-west-2) and accessible via earthaccess.
Tutorials
The following GitHub repositories provide tutorials, scripts, and example notebooks that may aid your transition from ASTER to alternative data sources:
- ASTER Data Resources
- AppEEARS Data Resources
- ECOSTRESS Data Resources
- EMIT Data Resources
- HLS Data Resources
- LP DAAC Data Resources
- Landsat Data Resources (USGS)
LANCE Near Real-Time Data Access
NASA’s Land, Atmosphere Near real-time Capability for Earth observation (LANCE) is the recommended pathway for near real-time land observations. LANCE provides VIIRS NRT products—including surface reflectance (VNP09_NRT), active fire (VNP14IMG_NRT at 375 m), land surface temperature (VNP21_NRT), and nighttime lights (VNP46A1_NRT) — typically within three hours of satellite observation.
If you have questions about which alternative datasets are best suited for your use case or encounter any issues transitioning your workflows, please reach out to the Earthdata User Services Team for assistance or join the community and post on the Earthdata Forum.
Additional Information
Abrams, M., Tsu, H., Hulley, G., Iwao, K., Pieri, D., Cudahy, T., & Kargel, J. (2015). The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) after fifteen years: Review of global products. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 38, 292–301. doi:10.1016/j.jag.2015.01.013
Claverie, M., Ju, J., Masek, J. G., Dungan, J. L., Vermote, E. F., Roger, J.-C., Skakun, S. V., & Justice, C. (2018). The Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 surface reflectance data set. Remote Sensing of Environment, 219, 145–161. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2018.09.002
Crippen, R., Buckley, S., Agram, P., Belz, E., Gurrola, E., Hensley, S., Kobrick, M., Lavalle, M., Martin, J., Neumann, M., Nguyen, Q., Rosen, P., Shimada, J., Simard, M., & Tung, W. (2016). NASADEM global elevation model: Methods and progress. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLI-B4, 125–128. doi:10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B4-125-2016
Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center. (2020). Landsat 8–9 Operational Land Imager / Thermal Infrared Sensor Level‑2, Collection 2 [Dataset]. U.S. Geological Survey. doi:10.5066/P9OGBGM6
Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center. (2020). Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus Level‑2, Collection 2 [Dataset]. U.S. Geological Survey. doi:10.5066/P9C7I13B
Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center. (2020). Landsat 4–5 Thematic Mapper Level‑2, Collection 2 [Dataset]. U.S. Geological Survey. doi:10.5066/P9IAXOVV
Fisher, J. B., Lee, B., Purdy, A. J., Halverson, G. H., Dohlen, M. B., Cawse-Nicholson, K., Wang, A., Anderson, R. G., Aragon, B., Arain, M. A., et al. (2020). ECOSTRESS: NASA's next generation mission to measure evapotranspiration from the International Space Station. Water Resources Research, 56(4), e2019WR026058. doi:10.1029/2019WR026058
Green, R. O., Mahowald, N., Ung, C., Thompson, D. R., Bator, L., Bennet, M., Bernas, M., Blackway, N., Bradley, C., Cha, J., et al. (2020). The Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation: An Earth science imaging spectroscopy mission. In 2020 IEEE Aerospace Conference (pp. 1–15). doi:10.1109/AERO47225.2020.9172731
Hu, T., Mallick, K., Hulley, G. C., Pérez-Planells, L., Göttsche, F. M., Schlerf, M., Hitzelberger, P., Didry, Y., Szantoi, Z., Alonso, I., Sobrino, J. A., Skoković, D., Roujean, J.-L., Boulet, G., Gamet, P., & Hook, S. (2022). Continental-scale evaluation of three ECOSTRESS land surface temperature products over Europe and Africa: Temperature-based validation and cross-satellite comparison. Remote Sensing of Environment, 282, 113296. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2022.113296
Hulley, G. C., et al. (2023). Comparison between the ASTER and ECOSTRESS global emissivity datasets. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 118, 103227. doi:10.1016/j.jag.2023.103227
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Roy, D. P., Wulder, M. A., Loveland, T. R., Woodcock, C. E., Allen, R. G., Anderson, M. C., Helder, D., Irons, J. R., Johnson, D. M., Kennedy, R., Scambos, T. A., Schaaf, C. B., Schott, J. R., Sheng, Y., Vermote, E. F., Belward, A. S., Bindschadler, R., Cohen, W. B., Cook, F., ... Zhu, Z. (2014). Landsat-8: Science and product vision for terrestrial global change research. Remote Sensing of Environment, 145, 154–172. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2014.02.001
Silvestri, M., Romaniello, V., Hook, S., Musacchio, M., Teggi, S., & Buongiorno, M. F. (2020). First comparisons of surface temperature estimations between ECOSTRESS, ASTER and Landsat 8 over Italian volcanic and geothermal areas. Remote Sensing, 12(1), 184. doi:10.3390/rs12010184
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