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Description

The new version of these data is in GPM-like format and can be found under the name GPM_2AGPROFTRMMTMI_CLIM.

This dataset, 2A12, ”TMI Profiling”, generates surface rainfall and vertical hydrometeor profiles on a pixel by pixel basis from the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) brightness temperature data using the Goddard Profiling algorithm GPROF2010. Because the vertical information comes from a radiometer, it is not written out in independent vertical layers like the TRMM Precipitation Radar. Instead, the output is referenced to one of 100 typical structures for each hydrometeor or heating profile. These vertical structures are referenced as clusters in the output structure. Vertical hydrometeor profiles can be reconstructed to 28 layers by knowing the cluster number (i.e. shape) of the profile and a scale factor that is written for each pixel.

This product contains hydrometeor profiles of cloud liquid water, precipitation water, cloud ice water, precipitation ice, rainfall type, and latent heating in 28 atmospheric layers.

Changes in horizontal resolution resulting from the TRMM boost that occurred on 24 August 2001:

Pre-Boost (before 7 August 2001): Temporal Resolution: 91.5 min/orbit ~ 16 orbits/day; Swath Width: 760 km; Horizontal Resolution: 4.4 km

Post-Boost (after 24 August 2001): Temporal Resolution: 92.5 min/orbit ~ 16 orbits/day; Swath Width: 878 km; Horizontal Resolution: 5.1 km

Product Summary

Platforms
TRMM
Instruments
TMI
Spatial Extent

N: 38 S: -38 E: 180 W: -180

Spatial Resolution
5.1 Kilometers x 5.1 Kilometers
Location
TROPICS
Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
1997-12-31 to 2015-04-08
Data Partner
Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (formerly Goddard DAAC), Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA (NASA/GSFC/SED/ESD/TISL/GESDI
Concept ID
C1282060543-GES_DISC
Data State
COMPLETE
Number of Files/Granules
98563
Processing Level
2
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Condensation ,
Evaporation ,
Sublimation ,
Cloud Liquid Water/Ice ,
Cloud Precipitable Water ,
Liquid Water Equivalent ,
Precipitation Rate ,
Rain ,
Heat Flux

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

KUMMEROW, C. H. R. I. S. T. I. A. N. (2011). TRMM Microwave Imager Hydrometeor Profile L2 1.5 hours V7 (TRMM_2A12) at GES DISC [Data set]. NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/L6EI3WVSF59Y Date Accessed: 2026-05-20

Documents

Publications Citing This Dataset

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Title Year Author Topic
Advancing Passive Microwave Retrievals of Precipitation Using CloudSat and GPM Coincidences: Integration of Machine Learning with a Bayesian ... Rahimi, Reyhaneh, Ebtehaj, Ardeshir, Milani, Lisa Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Cloud reflectivity and hydrometeors profile characterization over the North-West Himalayan region based on decade-long GPM-GMI and DPR observations Mukhopadhyay, Ahana, Singh, Charu Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Unveiling the Accuracy of New-Generation Satellite Rainfall Estimates across Bolivia's Complex Terrain Gutierrez, Silvia Roxana Mattos, Fenta, Ayele Almaw, Meshesha, Taye Minichil, Belay, Ashebir Sewale Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
An integrated modeling approach for estimating monthly global rainfall erosivity Fenta, Ayele A., Tsunekawa, Atsushi, Haregeweyn, Nigussie, Yasuda, Hiroshi, Tsubo, Mitsuru, Borrelli, Pasquale, Kawai, Takayuki, Belay, Ashebir S., Ebabu, Kindiye, Berihun, Mulatu L., Sultan, Dagnenet, Setargie, Tadesual A., Elnashar, Abdelrazek, Arshad, Arfan, Panagos, Panos Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Precipitation water at the peak cloud liquid water and surface rainfall Sen Jaiswal, Rajasri, M, Rasheed, V S, Neela, M, Siva Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Improving satellite-based global rainfall erosivity estimates through Fenta, Ayele Almaw, Tsunekawa, Atsushi, Haregeweyn, Nigussie, Yasuda, Hiroshi, Tsubo, Mitsuru, Borrelli, Pasquale, Kawai, Takayuki, Sewale Belay, Ashebir, Ebabu, Kindiye, Liyew Berihun, Mulatu, Sultan, Dagnenet, Asamin Setargie, Tadesaul, Elnashar, Abdelrazek, Panagos, Panos Precipitation, Rain, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Heat Flux
The role of the Kuroshio Current on the diurnal cycle of Meiyu-Baiu rainband in mid-June Park, Hyung-Ju, Kim, Kwang-Yul, Na, Hanna Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Cloud properties of cold fronts affecting central Chile: Low and high freezing level storms Pozo, Diana, Marin, Julio C., Gutierrez, Felipe Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Climatological Characteristics of Hydrometeors in Precipitating Clouds over Eastern China and Their Relationship with Precipitation Based on ERA5 ... Tang, Lanzhi, Gao, Wenhua, Xue, Lulin, Zhang, Guo, Guo, Jianping Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
How Accurately Satellite Precipitation Products Capture the Tropical Cyclone Rainfall? Reddy, M. Venkatarami, Mitra, Ashis. K., Momin, I. M., Krishna, U. V. Murali Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain, Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Heat Flux, Droplet Size, Radar Reflectivity
GPROF-NN: a neural-network-based implementation of the Goddard Profiling Algorithm Pfreundschuh, Simon, Brown, Paula J., Kummerow, Christian D., Eriksson, Patrick, Norrestad, Teodor Atmospheric Water Vapor, Precipitation, Brightness Temperature, Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Terrestrial water budget through radar remote sensing Indu, J., Nair, Akhilesh S., Pradhan, Ankita, Mangla, Rohit, Krishnan, Sooraj, Verma, Kaushlendra, Huggannavar, Vinayak Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Assessment of Satellite Precipitation Products in Relation with Orographic Enhancement Over the Western United States Adhikari, Abishek, Behrangi, Ali Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Precipitation
Constrained Inversion of a Microwave Snowpack Emission Model Using Dictionary Matching: Applications for GPM Satellite Ebtehaj, Ardeshir, Durand, Michael, Tedesco, Marco Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Comparison of High-Resolution Satellite Precipitation Products in Sub-Saharan Morocco Rachdane, Mariame, Khalki, El Mahdi El, Saidi, Mohamed Elmehdi, Nehmadou, Mohamed, Ahbari, Abdellatif, Tramblay, Yves Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Evaluation of IMERG Precipitation Products in the Southeast Costal Urban Region of China Lu, Ning Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Evaluation of IMERG satellite precipitation over the land-coast-ocean continuumPart II: Quantification Derin, Yagmur, Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel, Brauer, Noah, Gourley, Jonathan J., Wang, Jianxin Liquid Precipitation, Precipitation Rate, Radar Reflectivity, Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux, Droplet Size, Radar Reflectivity
Ground validation and error decomposition for six state-of-the-art satellite precipitation products over mainland China Lei, Huajin, Zhao, Hongyu, Ao, Tianqi Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Formation and Replacement Mechanism of the Concentric Eyewall of Super Typhoon Muifa (1109). Lang, HUANG, Ying-fang, WEN, Yu-di, LIU Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Numerical Simulation of the Diurnal Cycle of a Precipitation System during KWAJEX by 2D and 3D Cloud-Resolving Models Xu, Huiyan, Song, Yu, Hu, Tangao, Wang, Jiapeng, Zhang, Dengrong Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Microphysics of Convective and Stratiform Precipitation during the Summer Monsoon Season over the YangtzeHuaihe River Valley, China Chen, Fengjiao, Zheng, Xiaoyi, Wen, Huayang, Yuan, Ye Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
The impacts of microphysics and terminal velocities of graupel/hail on the rainfall of Typhoon Fitow (2013) as seen from the WRF model simulations with several ... Xu, Huiyan, Zhang, Dengrong, Li, Xiaofan Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
The potential and uncertainty of triple collocation in assessing satellite precipitation products in Central Asia Lu, Xinyu, Tang, Guoqiang, Liu, Xinchun, Wang, Xiuqin, Liu, Yan, Wei, Ming Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Daily rainfall estimate by emissivity temporal variation from 10 satellites You, Yalei, Munchak, S. Joseph, Peters-Lidard, Christa, Ringerud, Sarah Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
Diurnal cycle of coastal convection in the South China Sea region and modulation by the BSISO Xu, Weixin, Rutledge, Steven A., Chudler, Kyle Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Precipitable Water, Liquid Water Equivalent, Precipitation Rate, Rain, Heat Flux
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