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Sulfur Dioxide Data Access and Tools
Commonly Used Sulfur Dioxide Data at a Glance
The following sections will help guide you to topic-specific data and resources for accessing, visualizing, preparing/manipulating (e.g. subsetting), and analyzing data. Each observation, model, and reanalysis data has unique characteristics that should be considered when evaluating its use.
An asterisk (*) next to an entry indicates that near real-time (NRT) data products are available through NASA's Land, Atmosphere Near real-time Capability for EOS (LANCE). While not intended for scientific research, NRT data are good resources for monitoring ongoing or time-critical events. To learn more about the difference between NRT and Standard Science Products, see Near Real Time versus Standard Products.
| Spatial Resolution | Spatial Coverage | Temporal Resolution | Temporal Coverage | Spectral Resolution | Satellite/ Platform | Name (Sensor, Model, etc.) | Observation, Model, or Reanalysis | File Format |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50 km x 50 km | Global | 6 minutes | 2002-2023 | 2,378 infrared channels in the 3.74-15.4 micron spectral range | Aqua | *AIRS | Observation | HDF-EOS |
| 13 km x 24 km, 0.25°, 1° | Global | 98 minutes, Daily | 2004-present | 1.0-0.45 nm Full Width and Half Maximum (FWHM) | Aura | Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) | Observation | HDF-EOS5 |
| 7.5 km x 3 km | Global | 101 minutes, Daily | 2018 | 250-420 nm | NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) | Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) | Observation | netCDF-4 |
| 7 x 3.5 km for all spectral bands, with the exception of the UV1 band (7 x 28 km2) and SWIR bands (7 x 7 km2) | Global | Daily | 2017-present | 270 nm-2.3 µm, 0.55 nm | ESA Sentinel-5P | TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) | Observation | netCDF |
| 165 km x 3 km | Near-global (-82º to +82º latitude) | 15 minutes, Twice daily [day, night] | 2021-present | 190 and 240 GHz | Aura | *MLS | Observation | HDF-EOS5 |
| 0.5° x 0.625° | Global | Hourly, 3 hourly, Monthly | 1980-present | N/A | N/A | MERRA-2 | Reanalysis | netCDF |
| 0.25º x 0.25° | Global | 15 min, Hourly | Daily 5-day forecast | N/A | N/A | GEOS-CF | Model | netCDF |
| 0.25º x 0.312° | Global | 3-hourly | Near-real time assimilation (DAS), 10-day forecast at 00z, and 5-day forecast at 12z | N/A | N/A | GEOS FP | Analysis | netCDF |
| Point measurements | Global | Periodic flights occurred during each deployment | 2016-2018 | varies | Airborne Field Campaign | Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) campaign with varying instruments | Observation | netCDF |
Sulfur Dioxide Datasets
| Dataset Sort descending | Version | Platform | Instrument | Temporal Extent | Spatial Extent | Spatial Resolution | Data Format |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SAFARI 2000 Biomass Burning Emissions, Selected Sites, Dry Season 2000 | 1 | LABORATORY | CHEMILUMINESCENCE, ION CHROMATOGRAPHS, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHS, IR CO2 ANALYZER | 2000-11-24 to 2001-01-16 |
N: 0 S: -35 E: 50 W: 10 |
Shapefile | |
| SAFARI 2000 CV-580 Aerosol and Cloud Data, Dry Season 2000 (CARG) | 1 | CONVAIR CV-580 | UV OZONE DETECTORS, FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, IR CO2 ANALYZER, PYRANOMETERS, CNC, AEROSOL/CLOUD PARTICLE SIZER, THERMOMETERS | 2000-08-10 to 2000-09-18 |
N: -14 S: -26 E: 36 W: 11 |
Shapefile | |
| SAFARI 2000 JRA Aerocommander Trace Gas, Aerosol, and CCN Data, Dry Season 2000 | 1 | AC-680E | IR CO2 ANALYZER, HUMIDITY SENSORS, THERMOCOUPLES, PRESSURE SENSORS, CNC, UV OZONE DETECTORS, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY | 2000-08-15 to 2000-09-07 |
N: -17.8293 S: -30.1916 E: 33.1635 W: 22.156 |
ASCII | |
| SAFARI 2000 JRB Aerocommander Trace Gas and Aerosol Data, Dry Season 2000 | 1 | AC-680E | IR CO2 ANALYZER, HUMIDITY SENSORS, THERMOCOUPLES, PRESSURE SENSORS, CNC, UV OZONE DETECTORS, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY | 2000-08-15 to 2000-09-07 |
N: -17.8293 S: -30.1916 E: 33.1635 W: 22.156 |
ASCII | |
| SARP 2016 Data | 1 | NASA DC-8 | TSI LAS-3340, TSI-3563 Neph, SMPS, CPSPD, TSI CPC-3010, WAS, ATHOS, TD-LIF, SAGA, NDIR GAS ANALYZER, DACOM, DLH, CAMS, CAFS, CIMS, 4STAR, AMS, CLH2, NOxyO3, CIT-ToF-CIMS, PTR-MS, DADS | 2016-06-17 to 2016-06-19 |
N: 38.51 S: 33.49 E: -115.94 W: -120.87 |
ICARTT | |
| SARP-East 2023 Data | 1 | B-200, GROUND STATIONS | Picarro G2401, Thermo Scientific SO2 43i Analyzer, CAFE, TSI LAS-3340, CNC, NDIR GAS ANALYZER, TAP, CEILOMETERS, LI-850, OZONESONDES | 2023-06-01 to 2023-06-29 |
N: 45 S: 30 E: -70 W: -85 |
ICARTT, netCDF-4 | |
| SEAC4RS DC-8 Aircraft In-Situ Trace Gas Data | 1 | NASA DC-8 | AVOCET, GC-MS, DACOM, LWCC, CAMS, TD-LIF, CIMS, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, CIT-ToF-CIMS, PTR-MS | 2013-08-02 to 2013-09-24 | ICARTT | ||
| SEAC4RS DC-8 Aircraft Miscellaneous Data | 1 | GEOS-5 | Computer | 2013-08-06 to 2013-09-23 | NetCDF-3, ICARTT | ||
| SEAC4RS ER-2 Aircraft Miscellaneous Data | 1 | GEOS-5 | Computer | 2013-08-06 to 2013-09-23 | NetCDF-3, ICARTT | ||
| SEAC4RS Merge Data Files | 1 | NASA DC-8, NASA ER-2 | Computer | 2013-08-06 to 2013-09-24 | ICARTT | ||
| Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Near-Real-Time (NRT) Sulphur Dioxide SO2 1-Orbit L2 5.5km x 3.5km V2 (S5P_L2__SO2____HiR_NRT) at GES DISC | 2 | Sentinel-5P | TROPOMI | 2025-01-27 to Present |
N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180 |
3.5 Kilometers x 5.5 Kilometers | |
| Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Sulphur Dioxide SO2 1-Orbit L2 5.5km x 3.5km V1 (S5P_L2__SO2____HiR) at GES DISC | 1 | Sentinel-5P | TROPOMI | 2019-08-06 to 2020-07-13 |
N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180 |
||
| Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Sulphur Dioxide SO2 1-Orbit L2 5.5km x 3.5km V2 (S5P_L2__SO2____HiR) at GES DISC | 2 | Sentinel-5P | TROPOMI | 2018-04-30 to Present |
N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180 |
||
| Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Sulphur Dioxide SO2 1-Orbit L2 7km x 3.5km V1 (S5P_L2__SO2___) at GES DISC | 1 | Sentinel-5P | TROPOMI | 2018-05-06 to 2019-08-06 |
N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180 |
||
| SOLVE I DC-8 Aircraft In-situ Photolysis Rate Data | 1 | MODELS, NASA DC-8 | Computer, SAFS | 1999-11-16 to 2000-03-15 | AMES | ||
| SOLVE I DC-8 Aircraft In-situ Trace Gas Data | 1 | NASA DC-8 | TOTCAP, FASTOZ, ATHOS, NO/NOy, DACOM, ClO/BrO, CIMS | 1999-11-22 to 2000-03-15 | AMES | ||
| SOLVE I ER-2 Aircraft In-situ Photolysis Rate Data | 1 | MODELS, NASA ER-2 | Computer, CPFM | 1999-09-23 to 2000-03-18 | AMES | ||
| Sounder SIPS: Sun Synchronous 13:30 orbit Climate Hyperspectral InfraRed Product (CHIRP): Calibrated Radiances from EOS-Aqua, S-NPP, JPSS-1/NOAA-20, V2 (SNDR13CHRP1) at GES DISC | 2 | Aqua, Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20 | AIRS, CrIS | 2002-09-01 to Present |
N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180 |
13.5 Kilometers x 13.5 Kilometers | |
| Sounder SIPS: Sun Synchronous 13:30 orbit Climate Hyperspectral InfraRed Product (CHIRP): Calibrated Radiances from EOS-Aqua, V2 (SNDR13CHRP1AQCal) at GES DISC | 2 | Aqua, Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20 | AIRS, CrIS | 2016-09-01 to Present |
N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180 |
13.5 Kilometers x 13.5 Kilometers | |
| Sounder SIPS: Sun Synchronous 13:30 orbit Climate Hyperspectral InfraRed Product (CHIRP): Calibrated Radiances from JPSS-1/NOAA-20, V2 (SNDR13CHRP1J1Cal) at GES DISC | 2 | Aqua, Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20 | AIRS, CrIS | 2018-02-17 to 2018-09-01 |
N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180 |
13.5 Kilometers x 13.5 Kilometers | |
| Sounder SIPS: Sun Synchronous 13:30 orbit Climate Hyperspectral InfraRed Product (CHIRP): Calibrated Radiances from S-NPP, V2 (SNDR13CHRP1SNCal) at GES DISC | 2 | Aqua, Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20 | AIRS, CrIS | 2015-11-02 to Present |
N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180 |
13.5 Kilometers x 13.5 Kilometers | |
| STAQS Ground Data | 1 | GROUND STATIONS | DOAS | 2023-07-01 to 2023-08-31 |
N: 42.59 S: 42.58 E: -87.808 W: -87.83 |
ICARTT | |
| STRAT Ground Site Data | 1 | GROUND STATIONS | LIDAR, CPFM, AROTAL | 1995-05-04 to 1996-12-12 | AMES | ||
| TOMS/N7 MS SO2 Vertical Column 1-Orbit L2 Swath 50x50 km V3 (TOMSN7SO2) at GES DISC | 3 | Nimbus-7 | TOMS | 1978-11-01 to 1993-05-07 |
N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180 |
50 Kilometers x 50 Kilometers | |
| TRACE-P DC-8 In-Situ Trace Gas Data | 1 | NASA DC-8 | DACOM, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHS, ION CHROMATOGRAPHS, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY | 1999-01-07 to 2002-03-01 |
N: 45.7 S: 6.89 E: 180 W: -180 |
GTE |
Featured Sulfur Dioxide Observation Method: OMPS
The Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) aboard the joint NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite tracks the health of Earth's ozone layer and measures the concentration of atmospheric ozone. The NOAA-20 and NOAA-21 satellites are also equipped with the instrument. Total column sulfur dioxide data from OMPS are available on a near real-time basis.
OMPS SIPS is responsible for processing, reprocessing, production and general assessment of Suomi NPP VIIRS OMPS Nadir products.
Data from the next-generation Instruments will help atmospheric scientists advance air quality measurements and standards.
20 MIN READ
The new PyroCumuloNimbus product for the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) makes it easier to track and analyze high concentrations of aerosols from wildfires and similar events.
4 MIN READ
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