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Description

TMPA (3B42) dataset have been discontinued as of Dec. 31, 2019, and users are strongly encouraged to shift to the successor IMERG dataset (doi: 10.5067/GPM/IMERG/3B-HH/06).

This dataset was the output from the TMPA (TRMM Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis) Algorithm. It provides precipitation estimates in the TRMM regions that have the (nearly-zero) bias of the ”TRMM Combined Instrument” precipitation estimate and the dense sampling of high-quality microwave data with fill-in using microwave-calibrated infrared estimates. The granule temporal coverage is 3 hours.

Product Summary

Platforms
TMPA
Instruments
NOT APPLICABLE
Spatial Extent

N: 50 S: -50 E: 180 W: -180

Spatial Resolution
0.25 Decimal Degrees x 0.25 Decimal Degrees
Location
TROPICS
Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
1997-12-31 to 2019-12-31
Data Partner
Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (formerly Goddard DAAC), Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA (NASA/GSFC/SED/ESD/TISL/GESDI
Concept ID
C1281704371-GES_DISC
Data State
COMPLETE
Number of Files/Granules
64280
Processing Level
3
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Total Surface Precipitation Rate

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

Precipitation Processing System (PPS) At NASA GSFC. (2018). TRMM (TMPA) Rainfall Estimate L3 3 hour 0.25 degree x 0.25 degree V7 [Data set]. NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/TRMM/TMPA/3H/7 Date Accessed: 2026-05-02

Documents

Publications Citing This Dataset

Filters
Title Year Author Topic
Prior weight dilution in Bayesian model averaging for groundwater Hu, Haoxin, Zeng, Xiankui, Wu, Jichun, Wang, Dong Snow Cover, Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Multichannel singular spectrum analysis (M-SSA) of InSAR data sets: data-adaptive interpolation and decomposition of Sentinel-1 time-series at Pacaya Volcano ... Walwer, D, Gonzalez-Santana, J, Wauthier, C, Calais, E, Ghil, M Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Linking the subseasonal variability of the East Asia winter monsoon and the Madden-Julian Oscillation through wave disturbances along the subtropical jet Xiu, Junyi, Jiang, Xianan, Zhang, Renhe Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Equitable AI: Exploring the role of gender in poverty estimation models Goodman, Seth, Nolan, Katherine, Sayers, Rachel, BenYishay, Ariel, Hall, Jacob, Dome, Mavis Zupork, Selormey, Edem Emissivity, Land Surface Temperature, Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Global Increase of Tropical Cyclone Precipitation Rate Toward Coasts Qi, Weiqing, Yong, Bin, Ritchie, Elizabeth A., Tyo, J. Scott, Toumi, Ralf Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain
On the Propagation of Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves From Africa to the Indian Ocean Phadtare, Jayesh, Fernando, Harindra J. S. Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Soil Conservation Benefits of Ecological Programs Promote Sustainable Zong, Renjie, Fang, Nufang, Zeng, Yi, Lu, Xixi, Wang, Zhen, Dai, Wei, Shi, Zhihua Total Surface Precipitation Rate, RADAR IMAGERY, Terrain Elevation, Topographical Relief Maps, Digital Elevation/Terrain Model (DEM), Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI)
Urbanization Impacts on South China Greater Bay Area Extreme RainfallSensitivity to Synoptic Systems during the Pre-Monsoon Period Hu, Chenxi, Tam, Chi-Yung, Wang, Ziqian, Fang, Xiaoyi, Yang, Zong-Liang Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Water vapour isotopes over West Africa as observed from space: which processes control tropospheric H2O HDO pair distributions? Diekmann, Christopher Johannes, Schneider, Matthias, Knippertz, Peter, Trent, Tim, Boesch, Hartmut, Roehling, Amelie Ninja, Worden, John, Ertl, Benjamin, Khosrawi, Farahnaz, Hase, Frank Hydrogen-deuterium Oxide, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain, Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Tropical cyclone-affected ocean surface winds: A comparison of atmospheric reanalyses with altimeter, scatterometer, radiometer, and buoy measurements Liu, Jincan, Ding, Jie, Wang, Jichao Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Does Increasing Horizontal Resolution Improve the Simulation of Intense Tropical Rainfall in GFDL's AM4 Model? Nikumbh, Akshaya C., Lin, Pu, Paynter, David, Ming, Yi Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Distinct Modulations of Northwest Pacific Tropical Cyclone Precipitation by Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation Zhao, Jiuwei, Zhan, Ruifen, Kim, Daehyun, Kug, JongSeong, Long, Jingchao, Zhang, Leying, Ma, Xiaofan Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Modeling Glacio-Hydrological Processes in the Himalayas: A Review and Future Perspectives Wang, Lei, Liu, Hu, Bhlon, Ranjeet, Chen, Deliang, Long, Junshui, Sherpa, Tenzing C. Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Population Size, Urbanization/Urban Sprawl
Analyzing urban influence on extreme winter precipitation through observations and numerical simulation of two South China case studies Hu, Chenxi, Tam, Chi-Yung, Yang, Zong-liang, Wang, Ziqian Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Contrasting carbon cycle responses to dry (2015 El Nino) and wet (2008 La Nina) extreme events at an Amazon tropical forest Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia, Campos, Kleber Silva, Alves, Luciana F., Longo, Marcos, Wiedemann, Kenia T., de Oliveira, Raimundo Cosme, Aragao, Luiz E.O.C., Christoffersen, Bradley O., Camargo, Plinio B., Figueira, Adelaine M.e S., Ferreira, Mauricio Lamano, Oliveira, Rafael S., Penha, Deliane, Prohaska, Neill, da Araujo, Alessandro C., Daube, Bruce C., Wofsy, Steven C., Saleska, Scott R. Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Albedo, Anisotropy, Reflectance
The physics behind precipitation onset bias in CMIP6 models: the pseudo-entrainment diagnostic and trade-offs between lapse rate and humidity Emmenegger, Todd, Ahmed, Fiaz, Kuo, Yi-Hung, Xie, Shaocheng, Zhang, Chengzhu, Tao, Cheng, Neelin, J. David Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Skillful Prediction of Indian Monsoon Intraseasonal Precipitation Using Central Indian Ocean Mode and Machine Learning Zhou, Lei, Yu, Yanwei, Yan, Bingqi, Zhao, Xingyu, Qin, Jianhuang, Tan, Wei, Tang, Youmin, Li, Xiaofeng, Li, Xiaojing, Dong, Junyu, Chen, Dake, Murtugudde, Raghu Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Using CYGNSS and L-band Radiometer Observations to Retrieve Surface Water Fraction: A Case Study of the Catastrophic Flood of 2022 in Pakistan Ma, Zhongmin, Zhang, Shuangcheng, Liu, Qi, Feng, Yanming, Guo, Qinyu, Zhao, Hebin, Feng, Yuxuan Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Reflectance, Radar Cross-Section, Radar Reflectivity, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain
Uncertainty and outliers in highresolution gridded precipitation products over eastern North America Picart, Tangui, Di Luca, Alejandro, Laprise, Rene Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain
Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Structure and Its Long-term Trend over the Western North Pacific Chen, Xu, Guo, Yi-Peng, Tan, Zhe-Min Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Net water flux and land use shifts across the Brazilian Cerrado between 2000 and 2019 Silva, Cesar de Oliveira Ferreira, Manzione, Rodrigo Lilla, Caldas, Marcellus Marques Total Surface Precipitation Rate
El Nino-Southern Oscillation Modulation of Springtime Diurnal Rainfall Koralegedara, Suranjith Bandara, Huang, WanRu, Tung, PoHan, Chiang, TzuYang Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain
Energy-balance modeling of heterogeneous glacio-hydrological regimes at upper Indus Liu, Hu, Wang, Lei, Zhou, Jing, Shrestha, Maheswor, Chai, Chenhao, Li, Xiuping, Ahmad, Bashir Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Geopotential Height, Altitude, Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Hydrological modeling in an agricultural basin in the Brazilian Cerrado using satellite precipitation data Ferraz, Lorena Lima, Santana, Gregorio Mateus, da Silva Amorim, Jhones, Mota de Jesus, Raildo, Silva Santos, Carlos Amilton Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Estimating groundwater recharge and precipitation sources of the Zamora River Basin, southeastern Ecuador, using GIS and stable isotopes Gualli, Alexander, Galvao, Paulo, Buenano, Mayra, Conicelli, Bruno Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Has There Been a Recent Shallowing of Tropical Cyclones? Lai, TszKin, Toumi, Ralf Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Clouds, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Frequency, Cloud Height, Cloud Top Height, Cloud Top Temperature, Cloud Emissivity, Infrared Radiance, REFLECTED INFRARED, Visible Radiance
Mega-city development impact on hourly extreme rainfall over the South China Greater Bay Area under near-future climate warming Hu, Chenxi, Tam, Chi-Yung, Li, Xinwei, Huang, Kangning, Ren, Chao, Fung, Kwun Yip, Wang, Ziqian Total Surface Precipitation Rate
A seasonal OH minimum region over the Indian Ocean? Kuttippurath, J., Ardra, D., Raj, S., Feng, W. Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Formaldehyde, Trace Gases/Trace Species, Hydroxyl
Assessing environmental conditions associated with spatially varying Zhou, Yao, Zhu, Laiyin, Matyas, Corene J., Luan, Hui, Tang, Jingyin Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Characteristics of tropical-extratropical cloud bands over tropical and Zilli, Marcia T., Hart, Neil C. G., Coelho, Caio A. S., Chadwick, Robin, de Souza, Dayana C., Kubota, Paulo Y., Figueroa, Silvio N., Cavalcanti, Iracema F. A. Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Cloud and Precipitation Variability Associated With the Madden-Julian Shige, S., Kato, F., Aoki, S. Total Surface Precipitation Rate, RADAR IMAGERY, Terrain Elevation, Topographical Relief Maps, Digital Elevation/Terrain Model (DEM), Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain
Comparative Analysis of CMIP5-Based Monsoon Season Rainfall Against Satellite-Based Estimations over India Kundu, Sudip Kumar, Singh, Charu Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Assessment of TRMM rainfall data for flood modelling in three contrasting catchments in Java, Indonesia Suroso, Suroso, Santoso, Purwanto Bekti, Birkinshaw, Stephen, Kilsby, Chris, Bardossy, Andras, Aldrian, Edvin Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Bias Correction of Satellite Precipitation Products for Hydrologic Modeling in Western Ghats Region, India Kunnath-Poovakka, Aiswarya, Eldho, T. I. Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Controls on stable water isotopes in monsoonal precipitation across the Bay of Bengal: Atmosphere and surface analysis Zhang, Jingyi, Yu, Wusheng, Lewis, Stephen, Thompson, Lonnie G., Bowen, Gabriel J., Yoshimura, Kei, Cauquoin, Alexandre, Werner, Martin, Chakraborty, Supriyo, Jing, Zhaowei, Ma, Yaoming, Guo, Xiaoyu, Xu, Baiqing, Wu, Guangjian, Guo, Rong, Qu, Dongmei Total Surface Precipitation Rate
ResU-Deep: Improving the Trigger Function of Deep Convection in Tropical Regions With Deep Learning Chen, Mengxuan, Fu, Haohuan, Zhang, Tao, Wang, Lanning Total Surface Precipitation Rate
The variation in the particle number size distribution during the rainfall: wet scavenging and air mass changing Niu, Guangdong, Qi, Ximeng, Chen, Liangduo, Xue, Lian, Lai, Shiyi, Huang, Xin, Wang, Jiaping, Chi, Xuguang, Nie, Wei, Kerminen, Veli-Matti, Petaja, Tuukka, Kulmala, Markku, Ding, Aijun Total Surface Precipitation Rate
The role played by tropical cyclones-induced freshwater flux forcing in the upper-ocean responses: A case for Typhoon Yutu (2018) Ye, Shuoni, Zhang, Rong-Hua, Wang, Hongna Total Surface Precipitation Rate
The decline in western disturbance activity over Northern India in recent decades Javed, Aaquib, Anshuman, Katyan, Kumar, Pankaj, Sachan, Disha Total Surface Precipitation Rate
The Impacts of East China Sea Kuroshio Front on Winter Heavy Precipitation Events in Southern China Bai, HaoKun, Hu, HaiBo, Ren, Xuejuan, Yang, XiuQun, Zhang, Yang, Mao, Kefeng, Zhao, Yihang Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Seasonal forecast of tropical cyclones in the Southwest Pacific Ocean van Vloten, Sara O., Pozo, Andrea, Cagigal, Laura, Mendez, Fernando J. Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Urbanization Impacts on Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Extremes-Inferences From Observations and Convection-Permitting Model Experiments Over South China Hu, Chenxi, Tam, ChiYung, Loi, Chi Lok, Cheung, Kevin K. W., Li, Yubin, Yang, ZongLiang, AuYeung, Yee Man, Fang, Xiaoyi, Niyogi, Dev Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Variable Rainfall over Steady SST: The Effect of the Free Troposphere on Surface Pressure in the East Pacific Bunge, Isabelle, Sobel, Adam, Biasutti, Michela, Wang, Shuguang Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Tropical cyclone rainfall climatology, extremes and flooding potential over the continental US Mazza, Edoardo, Chen, Shuyi S. Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain
Tropical cyclone stalling shifts northward and brings increasing flood risks to East Asian Coast Zhang, Lujia, Cheng, Tat Fan, Lu, Mengqian, Xiong, Rui, Gan, Jianping Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Tropical cyclone strength, precipitation, and environment in variable resolution CAM-MPAS simulations over Western North Pacific Liang, Yuan, Yang, Ben, Wang, Minghuai, Guo, Yipeng, Sakaguchi, Koichi, Leung, L. Ruby Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Monitoring precipitation from space: progress, challenges, and opportunities Sharifi, Ehsan, Brocca, Luca Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain
Impact of rainfall on tropical cycloneinduced sea surface cooling Balaguru, Karthik, Foltz, Gregory R., Leung, L. Ruby, Hagos, Samson M. Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Does the recent revival of Western Disturbances govern the Karakoram Anomaly? Javed, Aaquib, Kumar, Pankaj, Hodges, Kevin I., Sein, Dmitry V., Dubey, Aditya K., Tiwari, Gaurav Total Surface Precipitation Rate
Evaluating Tropical Precipitation Relations in CMIP6 Models with ARM data Emmenegger, Todd, Kuo, Yi-Hung, Xie, Shaocheng, Zhang, Chengzhu, Tao, Cheng, Neelin, J. David Total Surface Precipitation Rate
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Variables

The table below lists the variables contained within a single granule for this dataset. Variables often contain observed or derived geophysical measurements collected from a variety of sources, including remote sensing instruments on satellite and airborne platforms, field campaigns, in situ measurements, and model outputs. The terms variable, parameter, scientific data set, layer, and band have been used across NASA’s Earth science disciplines; however, variable is the designated nomenclature in NASA’s Common Metadata Repository (CMR). Variable metadata attributes such as Name, Description, Units, Data Type, Fill Value, Valid Range, and Scale Factor allow users to efficiently process and analyze the data. The full range of attributes may not be applicable to all variables. Additional information on variable attributes is typically available in the data, user guide, and/or other product documentation.

For questions on a specific variable, please use the Earthdata Forum.

Name Description Units Data Type Fill Value Valid Range Scale Factor Offset
Grid/HQprecipitation Grid/HQprecipitation mm/hr float32 -9999.900390625 N/A N/A N/A
Grid/IRprecipitation Grid/IRprecipitation mm/hr float32 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Grid/precipitation Grid/precipitation mm/hr float32 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Grid/relativeError Grid/relativeError mm/hr float32 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Grid/satObservationTime Grid/satObservationTime minutes int8 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Grid/satPrecipitationSource Grid/satPrecipitationSource N/A int16 N/A N/A N/A N/A
nlat nlat degrees_north float32 N/A N/A N/A N/A
nlon nlon degrees_east float32 N/A N/A N/A N/A
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