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Description

M2T1NXLND (or tavg1_2d_lnd_Nx) is an hourly time-averaged 2-dimensional data collection in Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2). This collection consists of land surface diagnostics, such as baseflow flux, runoff, surface soil wetness, root zone soil wetness, water at surface layer, water at root zone layer, and soil temperature at six layers. The data field is time-stamped with the central time of an hour starting from 00:30 UTC, e.g.: 00:30, 01:30, … , 23:30 UTC.

MERRA-2 is the latest version of global atmospheric reanalysis for the satellite era produced by NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) using the Goddard Earth Observing System Model (GEOS) version 5.12.4. The dataset covers the period of 1980-present with the latency of ~3 weeks after the end of a month.

Data Reprocessing: Please check “Records of MERRA-2 Data Reprocessing and Service Changes” linked from the “Documentation” tab on this page. Note that a reprocessed data filename is different from the original file.

MERRA-2 Mailing List: Sign up to receive information on reprocessing of data, changing of tools and services, as well as data announcements from GMAO. Contact the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov) to be added to the list.

Questions: If you have a question, please read "MERRA-2 File Specification Document", “MERRA-2 Data Access – Quick Start Guide”, and FAQs linked from the ”Documentation” tab on this page. If that does not answer your question, you may post your question to the NASA Earthdata Forum (forum.earthdata.nasa.gov) or email the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov).

Version Description

The GEOS-5 model version used for processing MERRA-2

Product Summary

Platforms
MERRA-2
Instruments
NOT APPLICABLE
Spatial Extent

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

Spatial Resolution
0.625 Decimal Degrees x 0.5 Decimal Degrees
Location
GLOBAL
Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
1980-01-01 to Present
Data Partner
Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (formerly Goddard DAAC), Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA (NASA/GSFC/SED/ESD/TISL/GESDI
Concept ID
C1276812861-GES_DISC
Data State
ACTIVE
Number of Files/Granules
16923
Processing Level
4
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Longwave Radiation ,
Shortwave Radiation ,
Soil Heat Budget ,
Soil Heat Budget ,
Soil Temperature ,
Soil Temperature ,
Soil Infiltration ,
Soil Infiltration ,
Soil Moisture/Water Content ,
Surface Soil Moisture ,
Root Zone Soil Moisture ,
Soil Moisture/Water Content ,
Evaporation ,
Surface Water ,
Runoff Rate ,
Average Flow ,
Average Flow ,
Precipitation ,
Snow/Ice ,
Snow Depth ,
Snow Melt ,
Snow/Ice Temperature ,
Leaf Area Index (LAI) ,
Leaf Area Index (LAI)

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, & Pawson, S. (2015). MERRA-2 tavg1_2d_lnd_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Land Surface Diagnostics V5.12.4 [Data set]. NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/RKPHT8KC1Y1T Date Accessed: 2026-05-27

Documents

Publications Citing This Dataset

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Title Year Author Topic
Benchmarking of snow water equivalent (SWE) products based on outcomes of the SnowPEx Intercomparison Project Mudryk, Lawrence, Mortimer, Colleen, Derksen, Chris, Elias Chereque, Aleksandra, Kushner, Paul Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Ground Water
The impact of rainfall value on the accuracy of the SCS-CN model: selection of model parameters Sun, Qiang, Liu, Jiahao Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Heat Flux, Air Temperature, Specific Humidity, Water Vapor, Precipitation Rate, Latent Heat Flux, Latent Heat Flux, Sensible Heat Flux, Diffusion, Surface Winds, Wind Speed, U/V Wind Components, Wind Stress, Wind Stress, Surface Roughness, Planetary Boundary Layer Height, Ice Fraction
Spatiotemporal trends of compound extremes and their impacts in Southeast Asia from 1983 to 2022 Jian, Wei, Lestari, Diah Valentina, Lo, Edmond Yatman Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Vertical Profiles, Ozone Profiles
Resilience assessment of an urban rail transit network under natural Chen, Jinqu, Liu, Xiaowei, Hu, Xinyue, Du, Bo, Yin, Yong Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Wind Dynamics, Wind Direction Tendency, Wind Speed Tendency, Wind Direction Tendency, Wind Speed Tendency, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain
Transient modeling and control strategies for WT-PV integrated hydrogen production system Zhang, Xiyuan, Wang, Bowen, Zhang, Fan, Wu, Kangcheng, Li, Ye, Li, Bin, Jiao, Kui Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Tracking Hurricane-Induced Water Storage Changes Using GRACE and Li, Haosi, Yi, Shuang, Tang, He Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Canopy Characteristics, Leaf Characteristics, Vegetation Cover, Albedo, Gravity
Potential of long-term satellite observations and reanalysis products for characterising soil drying: trends and drought events Hirschi, Martin, Stradiotti, Pietro, Crezee, Bas, Dorigo, Wouter, Seneviratne, Sonia I. Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Predicting Freeze-Thaw States in Alaska Permafrost Landscapes using Ahajjam, A., Soaper, M., Chance, R., Chandler, J., Pasch, T. Heat Flux, Air Temperature, Skin Temperature, Specific Humidity, Water Vapor, Precipitation Rate, Snow/Ice, Evaporation, Latent Heat Flux, Latent Heat Flux, Sensible Heat Flux, Diffusion, Surface Winds, Wind Speed, U/V Wind Components, Wind Stress, Wind Stress, Surface Roughness, Planetary Boundary Layer Height, Ice Fraction, Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Brightness Temperature, Transition Direction
Evaluation of 10-m Wind Speed From ISD Meteorological Stations and the Faber, E., RochaLima, A., Colarco, P., Baker, B. Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Aerosols, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Dust/Ash/Smoke, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfur Oxides, Sulfate, Sulfate Particles, Sulfur Oxides, Particulate Matter, Emissions, UV Aerosol Index, Gas/Aerosol Composition, Aerosol Extinction, Deposition
Improving global gross primary productivity estimation using two-leaf Li, Zhilong, Jiao, Ziti, Gao, Ge, Guo, Jing, Wang, Chenxia, Chen, Sizhe, Tan, Zheyou, Zhao, Wenyu Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Fraction Of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fapar), Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Causal inference of root zone soil moisture performance in drought Xue, Shouye, Wu, Guocan Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Geopotential Height, Altitude, Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Total Runoff
A sub-monthly timescale causality between snow cover and surface air temperature in the Northern Hemisphere inferred by LiangKleeman information flow analysis Takaya, Yuhei, Komatsu, Kensuke K., Ganeshi, Naresh Govind, Toyoda, Takahiro, Hasumi, Hiroyasu Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Snow Cover
A novel approach to deriving the fine-scale daily NO2 dataset during 20052020 in China: Improving spatial resolution and temporal coverage to advance exposure ... Zhu, Rongxin, Luo, Wenfeng, Grieneisen, Michael L., Zuoqiu, Sophia, Zhan, Yu, Yang, Fumo Nitrogen Dioxide, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Limited impact of hydrogen co-firing on prolonging fossil-based power generation under low emissions scenarios Oshiro, Ken, Fujimori, Shinichiro Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Sensitivity of horizontal resolution and land surface model in operational WRF forecast for Online Nuclear Emergency Response System (ONERS) Karmakar, Shanu, Rajeswari, J. R., Kundu, Dipan, Srinivas, C. V., Chandrasekaran, S., Venkatraman, B. Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain
Uncertain effect of component differences on land evapotranspiration Jiao, Ping, Hu, Keke, Ling, Hongbo, Tian, Changyan, Hu, Shunjun Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
The dominant factor in extreme dust events over the Gobi Desert is shifting from extreme winds to extreme droughts Zhu, Qingzhe, Liu, Yuzhi Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Validation of pan-Arctic soil temperatures in modern reanalysis and data assimilation systems Herrington, Tyler C., Fletcher, Christopher G., Kropp, Heather Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Air Temperature, Specific Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Wind Speed, Rain, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Cover, Snow Depth, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Toward Flash Flood Modeling Using Gradient Resolving Representative Manoj J, Ashish, Loritz, Ralf, Villinger, Franziska, Malicke, Mirko, Koopaeidar, Mehdi, Goppert, Hans, Zehe, Erwin Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Predictive value of 8-year blood pressure measures in intracerebral haemorrhage risk over 5 years Zhang, Yiqian, Ding, Yinqi, Yu, Canqing, Sun, Dianjianyi, Pei, Pei, Du, Huaidong, Yang, Ling, Chen, Yiping, Schmidt, Dan, Avery, Daniel, Chen, Jianwei, Chen, Junshi, Chen, Zhengming, Li, Liming, Lv, Jun, Chen, Junshi, Chen, Zhengming, Clarke, Robert, Collins, Rory, Li, Liming, Lv, Jun, Peto, Richard, Walters, Robin, Avery, Daniel, Barnard, Maxim, Bennett, Derrick, Belbasis, Lazaros, Boxall, Ruth, Chan, Ka Hung, Chen, Yiping, Chen, Zhengming, Clarke, Charlotte, Clarke, Johnathan, Clarke, Robert, Du, Huaidong, Mohamed, Ahmed Edris, Fry, Hannah, Gilbert, Simon, Im, Pek Kei, Iona, Andri, Kakkoura, Maria, Kartsonaki, Christiana, Lam, Hubert, Lin, Kuang, Liu, James, Mazidi, Mohsen, Millwood, Iona, Morris, Sam, Nie, Qunhua, Pozarickij, Alfred, Rahmati, Maryanm, Ryder, Paul, Said, Saredo, Schmidt, Dan, Stevens, Becky, Turnbull, Iain, Walters, Robin, Wang, Baihan, Wang, Lin, Wright, Neil, Yang, Ling, Yang, Xiaoming, Yao, Pang, Han, Xiao, Hou, Can, Xia, Qingmei, Liu, Chao, Lv, Jun, Pei, Pei, Sun, Dianjianyi, Yu, Canqing, Pan, Lang, Pang, Zengchang, Gao, Ruqin, Li, Shanpeng, Duan, Haiping, Wang, Shaojie, Liu, Yongmei, Du, Ranran, Zang, Yajing, Cheng, Liang, Tian, Xiaocao, Zhang, Hua, Zhai, Yaoming, Ning, Feng, Sun, Xiaohui, Li, Feifei, Lv, Silu, Wang, Junzheng, Hou, Wei, Sun, Wei, Yan, Shichun, Cui, Xiaoming, Wang, Chi, Wu, Zhenyuan, Li, Yanjie, Kang, Quan, Luo, Huiming, Ou, Tingting, Zheng, Xiangyang, Guo, Zhendong, Wu, Shukuan, Li, Yilei, Li, Huimei, Wu, Ming, Zhou, Yonglin, Zhou, Jinyi, Tao, Ran, Yang, Jie, Su, Jian, Liu, Fang, Zhang, Jun, Hu, Yihe, Lu, Yan, Ma, Liangcai, Tang, Aiyu, Zhang, Shuo, Jin, Jianrong, Liu, Jingchao, Lin, Mei, Lu, Zhenzhen, Zhou, Lifang, Xie, Changping, Lan, Jian, Zhu, Tingping, Liu, Yun, Wei, Liuping, Zhou, Liyuan, Chen, Ningyu, Qin, Yulu, Wang, Sisi, Wu, Xianping, Zhang, Ningmei, Chen, Xiaofang, Chang, Xiaoyu, Yuan, Mingqiang, Wu, Xia, Chen, Xiaofang, Jiang, Wei, Liu, Jiaqiu, Sun, Qiang, Chen, Faqing, Ren, Xiaolan, Dong, Caixia, Zhang, Hui, Mao, Enke, Wang, Xiaoping, Wang, Tao, zhang, Xi, Kang, Kai, Feng, Shixian, Tian, Huizi, Fan, Lei, Li, XiaoLin, Sun, Huarong, He, Pan, Zhang, Xukui, Yu, Min, Hu, Ruying, Wang, Hao, Zhang, Xiaoyi, Cao, Yuan, Xie, Kaixu, Chen, Lingli, Shen, Dun, Li, Xiaojun, Jin, Donghui, Yin, Li, Liu, Huilin, Fu, Zhongxi, Xu, Xin, Zhang, Hao, Chen, Jianwei, Peng, Yuan, Zhang, Libo, Qu, Chan, Li, Shuya, Qin, Haiqiang, Wang, Yongjun, Chen, Qiling, Wang, Jihua, Sun, Xiaojia, Wang, Lei, Wang, Xun, Zhang, Liming, Zhou, Shanshan, Chen, Hongyuan, Chen, Li, Gou, Haiyan, Wang, Weizhi, Zhu, Yanmei, Zhu, Yulan, Zhang, Ning, Cheng, Xin, Dong, Qiang, Dong, Yi, Fang, Kun, Mao, Yiting, An, Yu, Chen, Peiling, Chen, Yinghua, Liu, Zhihong, Chen, Xiaohong, Jv, Naixin, Li, Xiaojiu, Liu, Liyang, Lu, Yun, Xing, Xiaona, You, Shihao, Cheng, Xiaoli, Gua, Chaojun, Jiang, Jinping, Liu, Jingyi, Ma, Shumei, Yang, Xuefeng, Du, Xiaomo, Xu, Jian, Yang, Xuecheng, Zhao, Xiaodi, Hao, Zilong, Liu, Ming, Wang, Deren, Li, Xiaoting, Hui, Lili, Liao, Zhanling, Liu, Feng, Feng, Chunning, Ji, Dejiang, Qu, Fengxia, Yuan, Wenwen, Ding, Jing, Du, Peng, Jin, Lirong, Mao, Yueshi, Wang, Xin Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Where to draw the line: Physical space partitioning and view privacy in ar-based co-located collaboration for immersive analytics Ouedraogo, Inoussa, Nguyen, Huyen, Bourdot, Patrick Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Which global reanalysis dataset has better representativeness in snow cover on the Tibetan Plateau? Yan, Shirui, Chen, Yang, Hou, Yaliang, Liu, Kexin, Li, Xuejing, Xing, Yuxuan, Wu, Dongyou, Cui, Jiecan, Zhou, Yue, Pu, Wei, Wang, Xin Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Air Temperature, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Albedo, Snow Depth, Snow Water Equivalent, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Radiative and Microphysical Impacts of the Saharan Dust on Two Pan, Bowen, Wang, Yuan, Lin, Yun, Hsieh, JenShan, Lavallee, Michael, Zhao, Lijun, Zhang, Renyi Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Reconstructing monthly 0.25 terrestrial evapotranspiration data in a remote arid region using Bayesian-driven ensemble learning method Ochege, Friday Uchenna, Yuan, Xiuliang, Ezekwe, Ifeanyichukwu C., Ling, Qing, Nzabarinda, Vincent, Kayiranga, Alphonse, Xie, Mingjuan, Shi, Haiyang, Luo, Geping Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Ground Water
Controls of variability in the Laurentian Great Lakes terrestrial water budget Minallah, Samar, Steiner, Allison L., Ivanov, Valeriy Y., Wood, Andrew W. Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
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Variables

The table below lists the variables contained within a single granule for this dataset. Variables often contain observed or derived geophysical measurements collected from a variety of sources, including remote sensing instruments on satellite and airborne platforms, field campaigns, in situ measurements, and model outputs. The terms variable, parameter, scientific data set, layer, and band have been used across NASA’s Earth science disciplines; however, variable is the designated nomenclature in NASA’s Common Metadata Repository (CMR). Variable metadata attributes such as Name, Description, Units, Data Type, Fill Value, Valid Range, and Scale Factor allow users to efficiently process and analyze the data. The full range of attributes may not be applicable to all variables. Additional information on variable attributes is typically available in the data, user guide, and/or other product documentation.

For questions on a specific variable, please use the Earthdata Forum.

Name Description Units Data Type Fill Value Valid Range Scale Factor Offset
TWLAND TWLAND kg m-2 float32 999999986991104 N/A 1 0
TWLT TWLT K float32 999999986991104 N/A 1 0
WCHANGE WCHANGE kg m-2 s-1 float32 999999986991104 N/A 1 0
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