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Description

This enhanced Level-3 (L3) soil moisture product provides a composite of daily estimates of global land surface conditions retrieved by the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) radiometer. This product is a daily composite of SMAP Level-2 (L2) soil moisture which is derived from SMAP Level-1C (L1C) interpolated brightness temperatures. Backus-Gilbert optimal interpolation techniques are used to extract information from SMAP antenna temperatures and convert them to brightness temperatures, which are posted to the 9 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grid, Version 2.0 (EASE-Grid 2.0) in a global cylindrical projection. As of 2021, the data are also posted to the Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid 2.0, an azimuthal equal-area projection.

Version Description

Changes to this version include: • An improved processing methodology was applied to the input enhanced Level-2 radiometer brightness temperatures. • The data algorithms, structure, content, or processor code are otherwise unchanged from the previous version. For the full major and minor version history, go to https://nsidc.org/data/smap/version-history

Product Summary

Platforms
SMAP
Instruments
SMAP L-BAND RADIOMETER
Spatial Extent

N: 90 S: -85.044 E: 180 W: -180

Spatial Resolution
9 Kilometers x 9 Kilometers
Spatial Reference System(s)
Multiple EPSG codes (see User Guide)
Location
GLOBAL LAND ,
NORTHERN HEMISPHERE
Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
2015-03-31 to Present
Temporal Resolution
1 Day
Concept ID
C2938664763-NSIDC_CPRD
Data State
ACTIVE
Number of Files/Granules
4067
Processing Level
3
Published
Science Keywords
Brightness Temperature ,
Surface Soil Moisture

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

ONeill, P., Chan, S., Njoku, E., Jackson, T., Bindlish, R., Chaubell, J., & Colliander, A. (2023). SMAP Enhanced L3 Radiometer Global and Polar Grid Daily 9 km EASE-Grid Soil Moisture, Version 6 [Dataset]. NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/M20OXIZHY3RJ Date Accessed: 2026-06-11

Documents

Publications Citing This Dataset

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Title Year Author Topic
Assessing SMAP for enhanced wildfire danger prediction in boreal-Arctic ecosystems Bourgeau-Chavez, Laura L., Hanes, Chelene, Billmire, Michael, Bosse, Karl, Battaglia, Michael J., Colliander, Andreas Soil Temperature, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Horizons/Profile, Soil Depth, Active Layer, Brightness Temperature, Surface Soil Moisture
Mapping Evapotranspiration and Diffuse Recharge via Variational Mahmood, Asif, Farhadi, Leila Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Leaf Characteristics, Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Fraction Of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fapar), Surface Soil Moisture
Physics-guided deep learning for geostationary satellite-based Fan, Chunquan, Zhang, Yiru, Chen, Rui, Zhang, Hongguo, Yin, Jianpeng, Li, Yanxi, He, Binbin, Quan, Xingwen Surface Soil Moisture
Surface Water Mapping and Flood Dynamics Monitoring Using CYGNSS and Deep Learning Perez, Roman Alarcia, Jr, Paulo T. Setti, Tabibi, Sajad Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Surface Soil Moisture
Tracking water dynamics of a temperate forest under drought and nondrought conditions using active and passive microwave and optical remote sensing Hellwig, Florian M., Fluhrer, Anke, Dubois, Clemence, Schellenberg, Konstantin, Chaparro, David, Zehner, Markus, Klosterhalfen, Anne, Piles, Maria, Schmullius, Christiane, Kunstmann, Harald, Jagdhuber, Thomas Vegetation Water Content, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Skin Temperature, Leaf Characteristics, Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Fraction Of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fapar), Reflectance, Snow Grain Size, Snow Cover, Surface Soil Moisture
Wind-Driven Regime of GNSS-R Signatures in Northern Lakes for Lake Ice Detection Guo, Zhizhou, Wan, Wei, Liu, Baojian, Wan, Xianci, Zhang, Jie, Hu, Xiuqing, Li, Huan Surface Soil Moisture, Digital Elevation/Terrain Model (DEM), Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Classification, Soil Texture, Surface Roughness
A unified ensemble soil moisture dataset across the continental United Li, Lingcheng, Lin, Xinming, Fang, Yilin, Hou, Z. Jason, Leung, L. Ruby, Wang, Yaoping, Mao, Jiafu, Xu, Yaping, Massoud, Elias, Shi, Mingjie Surface Soil Moisture
Assessment of L-band passive microwave soil moisture retrievals against in situ measurements in the North American boreal biome Gorrab, Azza, Sonnentag, Oliver, Mialon, Arnaud, Hanes, Chelene C., Ortet, Juliette, Berg, Aaron A., Umair, Muhammad, Roy, Alexandre Surface Soil Moisture
Harnessing SMAP satellite soil moisture product to optimize soil Nanda, Arunav, Das, Narendra, Singh, Gurjeet, Bindlish, Rajat, Andreadis, Konstantinos M., Jayasinghe, Susantha Surface Soil Moisture
Modeling natural forage dependent livestock production in arid and semi-arid regions: analysis of seasonal soil moisture variability and environmental factors Kassa, Semu Mitiku, Asfaw, Manalebish Debalike, Ejigu, Amsalework Ayele, Tsidu, Gizaw Mengistu Surface Soil Moisture
Vegetation moisture estimation in the Western United States using radiometer-radar-lidar synergy Chaparro, David, Jagdhuber, Thomas, Piles, Maria, Jonard, Francois, Fluhrer, Anke, Vall-llossera, Merce, Camps, Adriano, Lopez-Martinez, Carlos, Fernandez-Moran, Roberto, Baur, Martin, Feldman, Andrew F., Fink, Anita, Entekhabi, Dara Brightness Temperature, SIGMA NAUGHT, Surface Soil Moisture
Enhanced Soil Moisture Retrieval through Integrating Satellite Data with Teferi, Ermias, ODonnell, Greg, Kassawmar, Tibebu, Mersha, Berihun D., Ayele, Gebiaw T. Surface Soil Moisture
Multi-Frequency Radiometry for Multi-Year Monitoring of Relative Water Content In A Temperate Forest Hellwig, Florian M., Jagdhuber, Thomas, Fluhrer, Anke, Dubois, Clemence, Chaparro, David, Schellenberg, Konstantin, Piles, Maria, Schmullius, Christiane, Entekhabi, Dara Vegetation Water Content, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Skin Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Fraction Of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fapar), Reflectance, Snow Grain Size, Snow Cover, Surface Soil Moisture
A global evaluation of IMERG precipitation occurrence using SMAP detected soil moisture change Surface Soil Moisture
Application of Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Satellite Data in Farahani, Ali, Moradikhaneghahi, Mahsa, Ghayoomi, Majid, Jacobs, Jennifer M. Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Surface Soil Moisture
An Exponential Filter Model-Based Root-Zone Soil Moisture Estimation Yang, Yanqing, Bao, Zhenxin, Wu, Houfa, Wang, Guoqing, Liu, Cuishan, Wang, Jie, Zhang, Jianyun Surface Soil Moisture
A Novel Dual-Branch Neural Network Model for Flood Monitoring in South Asia Based on CYGNSS Data Song, Dongmei, Zhang, Qiqi, Wang, Bin, Yin, Cong, Xia, Junming Surface Soil Moisture
Land-Atmosphere Interactions during GRAINEX: Planetary Boundary Layer Evolution in the Presence of Irrigation Rappin, E. D., Mahmood, R., Nair, U. S., Pielke Sr., R. A. Surface Soil Moisture
Comparison of the Effective Isotropic Radiated Power Parameter in CYGNSS v2. 1 and v3. 0 Level 1 Data and Its Impact on Soil Moisture Estimation Setti, Paulo T., Dam, Tonie van Surface Soil Moisture
Soil carbonyl sulfide (OCS) fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems: an empirical model Whelan, M. E., Shi, Mingjie, Sun, Wu, Vries, Linda Kooijmansde, Seibt, Ulli, Maseyk, Kadmiel Land Surface Temperature, Emissivity, Surface Soil Moisture
Satellite-Based Assessment of Meteorological and Agricultural Drought in Mainland Southeast Asia Li, Yishan, Lu, Hui, Entekhabi, Dara, Gianotti, Daniel J. Short, Yang, Kun, Luo, Caihong, Feldman, Andrew F., Wang, Wei, Jiang, Ruijie Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Surface Soil Moisture
Robustness of Vegetation Optical Depth Retrievals Based on L-Band Global Radiometry Chaparro, David, Feldman, Andrew F., Chaubell, Mario Julian, Yueh, Simon H., Entekhabi, Dara Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain, Surface Soil Moisture, Brightness Temperature
Using ensemble learning to take advantage of high-resolution radar backscatter in conjunction with surface features to disaggregate SMAP soil moisture product Karami, Ayoob, Moradi, Hamid Reza, Mousivand, Alijafar, van Dijk, Albert I. J. M., Renzullo, Luigi Land Use/Land Cover Classification, RADAR IMAGERY, Terrain Elevation, Topographical Relief Maps, Digital Elevation/Terrain Model (DEM), Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Surface Soil Moisture, Brightness Temperature, SIGMA NAUGHT
An Improved Method for Pan-Tropical Above-Ground Biomass and Canopy Chen, Fade, Guo, Fei, Liu, Lilong, Nan, Yang Surface Soil Moisture
From calibration to parameter learning: Harnessing the scaling effects of big data in geoscientific modeling Tsai, Wen-Ping, Feng, Dapeng, Pan, Ming, Beck, Hylke, Lawson, Kathryn, Yang, Yuan, Liu, Jiangtao, Shen, Chaopeng Evapotranspiration, Latent Heat Flux, Surface Pressure, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Evaporation, Humidity, Convection, Surface Winds, Rain, Land Surface Temperature, Surface Soil Moisture
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