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Sulfur Dioxide Data Access and Tools

Commonly Used Sulfur Dioxide Data at a Glance

The following sections will help guide you to topic-specific data and resources for accessing, visualizing, preparing/manipulating (e.g. subsetting), and analyzing data. Each observation, model, and reanalysis data has unique characteristics that should be considered when evaluating its use.

An asterisk (*) next to an entry indicates that near real-time (NRT) data products are available through NASA's Land, Atmosphere Near real-time Capability for EOS (LANCE). While not intended for scientific research, NRT data are good resources for monitoring ongoing or time-critical events. To learn more about the difference between NRT and Standard Science Products, see Near Real Time versus Standard Products.

Spatial ResolutionSpatial CoverageTemporal ResolutionTemporal CoverageSpectral ResolutionSatellite/ PlatformName (Sensor, Model, etc.)Observation, Model, or ReanalysisFile Format
50 km x 50 kmGlobal6 minutes2002-20232,378 infrared channels in the 3.74-15.4 micron spectral rangeAqua*AIRSObservationHDF-EOS
13 km x 24 km, 0.25°, 1°Global98 minutes, Daily2004-present1.0-0.45 nm Full Width and Half Maximum (FWHM)AuraOzone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)ObservationHDF-EOS5
7.5 km x 3 kmGlobal101 minutes, Daily2018250-420 nmNASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP)Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS)ObservationnetCDF-4
7 x 3.5 km for all spectral bands, with the exception of the UV1 band (7 x 28 km2) and SWIR bands (7 x 7 km2)GlobalDaily2017-present270 nm-2.3 µm, 0.55 nmESA Sentinel-5PTROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI)ObservationnetCDF
165 km x 3 kmNear-global (-82º to +82º latitude)15 minutes,
Twice daily [day, night]		2021-present190 and 240 GHzAura*MLSObservationHDF-EOS5
0.5° x 0.625°GlobalHourly,
3 hourly,
Monthly		1980-presentN/AN/AMERRA-2ReanalysisnetCDF
0.25º x 0.25°Global15 min, HourlyDaily 5-day forecastN/AN/AGEOS-CFModelnetCDF
0.25º x 0.312°Global3-hourlyNear-real time assimilation (DAS), 10-day forecast at 00z, and 5-day forecast at 12zN/AN/AGEOS FPAnalysisnetCDF
Point measurementsGlobalPeriodic flights occurred during each deployment2016-2018variesAirborne Field CampaignAtmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) campaign with varying instrumentsObservationnetCDF

Sulfur Dioxide Datasets

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Dataset Version Platform Instrument Temporal Extent Spatial Extent Spatial Resolution Data Format
FIREX-AQ DC-8 Remotely Sensed Trace Gas Data 1 NASA DC-8 DOAS 2019-07-16 to 2019-09-07 NetCDF-3
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment (ASTEX) MAGE Oceanus Sulfur in the Air Data 1 Ships SPECTROMETERS, MASS SPECTROMETERS, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHS 1992-06-03 to 1992-06-18 ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment (ASTEX) United Kingdom Meteorological Office (UKMO) C-130 Aircraft Data 1 C-130 PYRANOMETERS, PRT, HYGROMETERS, PMS, GUST PROBES, CLOUD LIQUID WATER PROBE, RADIOMETERS, THERMOMETERS 1992-05-30 to 1992-06-23 Binary
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment (ASTEX) University of Washington C-131A Discrete Data 1 C-131A SPECTROMETERS, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHS, ION CHROMATOGRAPHS, THERMOMETERS 1992-06-02 to 1992-06-27 ASCII
Global Fire Emissions Database, Version 4.1 (GFEDv4) 4.1 MODELS, TRMM, Terra, ERS-1 Computer, VIIRS, MODIS, ATSR 1995-06-01 to 2016-12-31

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

multiple
JPSS-1 CrIS Level 1B Principal Component Analysis / Rapid Event Detection V3.0 (SNDRJ1CrISL1BPCARED) at GES DISC 3.0 NOAA-20 CrIS 2018-01-05 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

14 Kilometers x 14 Kilometers
KORUS-AQ Aircraft Merge Data Files 1 NASA DC-8 Computer 2016-04-24 to 2016-06-21 ICARTT
KORUS-AQ Ancillary Model Data Products 1 GEOS-Chem, FLEXPART, CAM-chem, WRF 2016-04-30 to 2016-06-11 NetCDF-4, ICARTT
KORUS-AQ DC-8 Aircraft In Situ Trace Gas Data 1 NASA DC-8 LI-6252, GC-MS, TD-LIF, DACOM, CAMS, 4STAR, CIMS, CIT-ToF-CIMS, ACES, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, PTR-MS 2016-04-16 to 2016-06-21 ICARTT
KORUS-AQ Miscellaneous Data 1 UMD Cessna GPS, LGR CRDS, TECO 43C, Picarro G2401, AETHALOMETER, PSAP 2016-04-30 to 2016-06-13 ICARTT
KORUS-AQ Research Vessel (R/V) JangMok Ship Data 1 R/V JangMok Thermo Scientific Ozone Analyzer, Thermo Scientific NOx Analyzer, Thermo Scientific CO Analyzer, Thermo Scientific SO2 43i Analyzer, WIND MONITOR, GPS 2016-05-20 to 2016-06-06 ICARTT
LISTOS Bayonne Ground Site Data 1 GROUND STATIONS GAS SENSORS 2018-06-01 to 2019-05-23 ICARTT
LISTOS Bronx Pfizer Ground Site Data 1 GROUND STATIONS HPLC, GAS SENSORS 2018-01-01 to 2018-11-13 ICARTT
LISTOS Ground Data at Miscellaneous Ground Sites 1 GROUND STATIONS GAS SENSORS 2018-04-30 to 2018-10-01 ICARTT
LISTOS New Haven Ground Site Data 1 GROUND STATIONS GAS SENSORS 2018-05-01 to 2019-01-23 ICARTT
LISTOS Queens College Ground Site Data 1 GROUND STATIONS GAS SENSORS, HPLC 2018-04-30 to 2019-06-14 ICARTT
LISTOS Surface Mobile Platform In-Situ Data 1 GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS OZONE SENSOR, CPC, AMS, GAS SENSORS, GC-MS, Teledyne API Ozone Analyzer, Teledyne API Model T200U NO/NO2/NOx Analyzer 2018-05-23 to 2019-07-09 ICARTT
LISTOS University of Maryland Cessna Aircraft In-Situ Data 1 UMD Cessna GPS, OZONE SENSOR, GAS SENSORS, CRDS, TSI-3563 Neph, AETHALOMETER, PSAP, GC-MS 2017-05-17 to 2019-07-29 ICARTT
LMOS Zion Ground Site Data 1 GROUND STATIONS CIT-ToF-CIMS, GAS SENSORS, PYRANOMETERS, SPECTROMETERS, CEILOMETERS, APS, SMPS, SODAR, GC-MS, OC-EC Analyzer 2017-05-16 to 2017-06-24 ICARTT, NetCDF-3, HDF5
Low Cost Sensors AQ RAMP Data 1 RAMP 2017-01-01 to Present

N: 40.75 S: 40.29 E: -79.82 W: -80.32

ICARTT, PDF
MERRA-2 inst3_3d_aer_Nv: 3d,3-Hourly,Instantaneous,Model-Level,Assimilation,Aerosol Mixing Ratio 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2I3NVAER) at GES DISC 5.12.4 MERRA-2 NOT APPLICABLE 1980-01-01 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

0.625 Decimal Degrees x 0.5 Decimal Degrees
MERRA-2 tavg1_2d_adg_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly,Time-averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Aerosol Diagnostics (extended) 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2T1NXADG) at GES DISC 5.12.4 MERRA-2 NOT APPLICABLE 1980-01-01 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

0.625 Decimal Degrees x 0.5 Decimal Degrees
MERRA-2 tavg1_2d_aer_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly,Time-averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Aerosol Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2T1NXAER) at GES DISC 5.12.4 MERRA-2 NOT APPLICABLE 1980-01-01 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

0.625 Decimal Degrees x 0.5 Decimal Degrees
MERRA-2 tavgM_2d_adg_Nx: 2d,Monthly mean,Time-averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Aerosol Diagnostics (extended) 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2TMNXADG) at GES DISC 5.12.4 MERRA-2 NOT APPLICABLE 1980-01-01 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

0.625 Decimal Degrees x 0.5 Decimal Degrees
MERRA-2 tavgM_2d_aer_Nx: 2d,Monthly mean,Time-averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Aerosol Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2TMNXAER) at GES DISC 5.12.4 MERRA-2 NOT APPLICABLE 1980-01-01 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

0.625 Decimal Degrees x 0.5 Decimal Degrees
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Featured Sulfur Dioxide Observation Method: OMPS

The Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) aboard the joint NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite tracks the health of Earth's ozone layer and measures the concentration of atmospheric ozone. The NOAA-20 and NOAA-21 satellites are also equipped with the instrument. Total column sulfur dioxide data from OMPS are available on a near real-time basis.

Learn More About OMPS
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OMPS Near Real-Time Data

Near real-time Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) data products include total column ozone, total column sulfur dioxide (SO2), vertical ozone profile swath, and aerosol index.

Sulfur Dioxide Data Tools

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