Predicting the ThreeDimensional Stratigraphy of an Ice Rise
2025
Henry, A. C. J., Schannwell, C., Visnjevic, V., Millstein, J., Bons, P. D., Eisen, O., Drews, R.
Ice Velocity
Multifidelity uncertainty quantification for ice sheet simulations
2025
Aretz, Nicole, Gunzburger, Max, Morlighem, Mathieu, Willcox, Karen
Ice Velocity, Bathymetry, Bed Elevation, Glacier/Ice Sheet Thickness, Terrain Elevation
Middle-Late Pleistocene to Holocene sediments of the Tremithos River and related shallow-marine to non-marine coastal deposits in SE Cyprus: Products of inter-related surface uplift and glacio-eustatic controlled sea-level change
2025
Antoniou, Christina, Robertson, Alastair H.F.
Reforestation, Terrestrial Ecosystems , Permafrost , Rock Glaciers, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness, Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Roughness, Ice Temperature, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Reflectance , Sea Ice Motion , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice, Snow Cover , Landslides , Aeolian Landforms , Coastal Landforms , Fluvial Landforms, Glacial Landforms, Karst Landforms, Tectonic Landforms , Land Use/Land Cover Classification , Landscape Ecology, Landscape Patterns, Landscape Processes, Reforestation, Surface Roughness, Terrain Elevation , Topographic Effects, Barrier Islands, Beaches, Deltas, Dunes, Estuaries, Fjords, Inlets, Lagoons, Mangroves, Marshes, Rocky Coasts, Shorelines, Wind Waves, Surface Winds , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Roughness, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Sea Ice Motion , Glacial Landforms, Caldera, Cinder Cone, Faults, Folds, Geyser, Graben, Horst, Lava Dome, Lava Plain, Maar, Mountains, Plateau, Ridge, Rift Valley, Tuya, Volcano, Tectonic Landforms, Earthquakes , Plate Tectonics, Volcanic Activity, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice
Optimal hydropower potential assessment in semi-arid regions
2025
El Kasimi, Imane, Hasnaoui, Moulay Driss, Khomsi, Driss, Bouziane, Ahmed, Aboulhassane, Amal
Reforestation, Terrestrial Ecosystems , Permafrost , Rock Glaciers, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness, Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Roughness, Ice Temperature, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Reflectance , Sea Ice Motion , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice, Snow Cover , Landslides , Aeolian Landforms , Coastal Landforms , Fluvial Landforms, Glacial Landforms, Karst Landforms, Tectonic Landforms , Land Use/Land Cover Classification , Landscape Ecology, Landscape Patterns, Landscape Processes, Reforestation, Surface Roughness, Terrain Elevation , Topographic Effects, Barrier Islands, Beaches, Deltas, Dunes, Estuaries, Fjords, Inlets, Lagoons, Mangroves, Marshes, Rocky Coasts, Shorelines, Wind Waves, Surface Winds , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Roughness, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Sea Ice Motion , Glacial Landforms, Caldera, Cinder Cone, Faults, Folds, Geyser, Graben, Horst, Lava Dome, Lava Plain, Maar, Mountains, Plateau, Ridge, Rift Valley, Tuya, Volcano, Tectonic Landforms, Earthquakes , Plate Tectonics, Volcanic Activity, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice
Multi-model estimate of Antarctic ice-shelf basal mass budget and ocean drivers
2025
Galton-Fenzi, Benjamin K., Porter-Smith, Richard, Cook, Sue, Cougnon, Eva, Gwyther, David E., Huneke, Wilma G. C., Rosevear, Madelaine G., Asay-Davis, Xylar, Boeira Dias, Fabio, Dinniman, Michael S., Holland, David, Kusahara, Kazuya, Naughten, Kaitlin A., Nicholls, Keith W., Pelletier, Charles, Richter, Ole, Seroussi, Helene, Timmermann, Ralph
Basins, Coastline, Grounding Line, Ice Shelves
Modeling urban brake wear particle emissions: A ride-hailing case in
2025
Chen, Qiuzi, Wang, An, Wang, Shunyao, Liu, Haobing, Gong, Luyang, Tu, Ran
Reforestation, Terrestrial Ecosystems , Permafrost , Rock Glaciers, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness, Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Roughness, Ice Temperature, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Reflectance , Sea Ice Motion , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice, Snow Cover , Landslides , Aeolian Landforms , Coastal Landforms , Fluvial Landforms, Glacial Landforms, Karst Landforms, Tectonic Landforms , Land Use/Land Cover Classification , Landscape Ecology, Landscape Patterns, Landscape Processes, Reforestation, Surface Roughness, Terrain Elevation , Topographic Effects, Barrier Islands, Beaches, Deltas, Dunes, Estuaries, Fjords, Inlets, Lagoons, Mangroves, Marshes, Rocky Coasts, Shorelines, Wind Waves, Surface Winds , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Roughness, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Sea Ice Motion , Glacial Landforms, Caldera, Cinder Cone, Faults, Folds, Geyser, Graben, Horst, Lava Dome, Lava Plain, Maar, Mountains, Plateau, Ridge, Rift Valley, Tuya, Volcano, Tectonic Landforms, Earthquakes , Plate Tectonics, Volcanic Activity, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice
Modelling GNSS-observed seasonal velocity changes of the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, using the Ice-sheet and Sea-level System Model (ISSM)
2025
Baldacchino, Francesca, Golledge, Nicholas R., Morlighem, Mathieu, Horgan, Huw, Alevropoulos-Borrill, Alanna V., Malyarenko, Alena, Gossart, Alexandra, Lowry, Daniel P., van Haastrecht, Laurine
Ice Velocity, Bathymetry, Bed Elevation, Firn Air Content, Glacier/Ice Sheet Thickness, Terrain Elevation
Mechanisms for upstream migration of firn aquifer drainage: preliminary observations from Helheim Glacier, Greenland
2025
Mejia, Jessica Z., Poinar, Kristin, Meyer, Colin R., Sommers, Aleah N., Chu, Winnie
Air Temperature, Precipitation Rate , 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Ice Velocity
Sensitivity of Totten Glacier dynamics to sliding parameterizations and ice shelf basal melt rates
2025
Ma, Yiliang, Zhao, Liyun, Gladstone, Rupert, Zwinger, Thomas, Wolovick, Michael, Wang, Junshun, Moore, John C.
Ice Velocity, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Basins, Coastline, Grounding Line, Ice Shelves, Bathymetry, Bed Elevation, Firn Air Content, Glacier/Ice Sheet Thickness, Terrain Elevation
Reconstructing Eocene Antarctic river drainage from provenance analysis of Amundsen Sea embayment sediments
2025
Marschalek, James W., van de Flierdt, Tina, Siddoway, Christine S., Thomson, Stuart N., Paxman, Guy J. G., Jamieson, Stewart S. R., Conrad, Ethan, Licht, Kathy J., Hemming, Sidney R., Bentley, Michael J., Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, Smith, James A., Klages, Johann P., Fox, Matthew, Pastore, Guido, Vermeesch, Pieter
Basins, Coastline, Grounding Line, Ice Shelves
Sea level rise contribution from Ryder Glacier in northern Greenland varies by an order of magnitude by 2300 depending on future emissions
2025
Holmes, Felicity A., Barnett, Jamie, Akesson, Henning, Morlighem, Mathieu, Nilsson, Johan, Kirchner, Nina, Jakobsson, Martin
Ice Velocity
Reactivation of a Subglacial Channel Around the Grounding Zone of Roi Baudouin Ice Shelf, Antarctica
2025
Zhou, Yan, Franke, Steven, Kleiner, Thomas, Drews, Reinhard, Humbert, Angelika, Jansen, Daniela, Steinhage, Daniel, Eisen, Olaf
Basins, Coastline, Grounding Line, Ice Shelves
Recent Development and Innovative Tools for Climate and Hydrological Data Collection and Analysis in the Abbay Basin
2025
Getaneh, Yonas, Abera, Wuletawu, Ayehu, Getachew Tesfaye, Tibebe, Degefie, Tamene, Lulseged
Reforestation, Terrestrial Ecosystems , Permafrost , Rock Glaciers, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness, Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Roughness, Ice Temperature, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Reflectance , Sea Ice Motion , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice, Snow Cover , Landslides , Aeolian Landforms , Coastal Landforms , Fluvial Landforms, Glacial Landforms, Karst Landforms, Tectonic Landforms , Land Use/Land Cover Classification , Landscape Ecology, Landscape Patterns, Landscape Processes, Reforestation, Surface Roughness, Terrain Elevation , Topographic Effects, Barrier Islands, Beaches, Deltas, Dunes, Estuaries, Fjords, Inlets, Lagoons, Mangroves, Marshes, Rocky Coasts, Shorelines, Wind Waves, Surface Winds , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Roughness, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Sea Ice Motion , Glacial Landforms, Caldera, Cinder Cone, Faults, Folds, Geyser, Graben, Horst, Lava Dome, Lava Plain, Maar, Mountains, Plateau, Ridge, Rift Valley, Tuya, Volcano, Tectonic Landforms, Earthquakes , Plate Tectonics, Volcanic Activity, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice, Soil Moisture/Water Content
Recent Variability in Fracture Characteristics and Ice Flow of Thwaites
2025
Wang, Shujie, Alexander, Patrick M., Alley, Richard B., Huang, Zhengrui, Parizek, Byron R., Willet, Amanda G., Anandakrishnan, Sridhar
Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness, Terrain Elevation , Grounding Line, Freeboard, RADAR IMAGERY, Sea Ice Elevation, Sea Ice Elevation, Bathymetry, Bed Elevation, Firn Air Content, Glacier/Ice Sheet Thickness
Relating GNSS Reflected Signal Coherence to Ice Shelf Surface Deformation and Roughness
2025
Anderson, Sophie G., Wang, Yang, Jade Morton, Y.
Ice Velocity
Reconstruction of forest change in highland Thailand: Evidence of anthropogenic disturbance, agriculture, and ecological restoration
2025
Sattraburut, Thunyapat, Vongvassana, Sirasit, Phutthai, Thamarat, Thasod, Yupa
Reforestation, Terrestrial Ecosystems , Permafrost , Rock Glaciers, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness, Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Roughness, Ice Temperature, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Reflectance , Sea Ice Motion , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice, Snow Cover , Landslides , Aeolian Landforms , Coastal Landforms , Fluvial Landforms, Glacial Landforms, Karst Landforms, Tectonic Landforms , Land Use/Land Cover Classification , Landscape Ecology, Landscape Patterns, Landscape Processes, Reforestation, Surface Roughness, Terrain Elevation , Topographic Effects, Barrier Islands, Beaches, Deltas, Dunes, Estuaries, Fjords, Inlets, Lagoons, Mangroves, Marshes, Rocky Coasts, Shorelines, Wind Waves, Surface Winds , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Roughness, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Sea Ice Motion , Glacial Landforms, Caldera, Cinder Cone, Faults, Folds, Geyser, Graben, Horst, Lava Dome, Lava Plain, Maar, Mountains, Plateau, Ridge, Rift Valley, Tuya, Volcano, Tectonic Landforms, Earthquakes , Plate Tectonics, Volcanic Activity, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice
Repeated major inland retreat of Thwaites and Pine Island glaciers (West Antarctica) during the Pliocene
2025
Horikawa, Keiji, Iwai, Masao, Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, Siddoway, Christine S., Halberstadt, Anna Ruth, Cowan, Ellen A., Penkrot, Michelle L., Gohl, Karsten, Wellner, Julia S., Asahara, Yoshihiro, Shin, Ki-Cheol, Noda, Masahiro, Fujimoto, Miyu, Gohl, Karsten, Wellner, Julia S., Klaus, Adam, Kulhanek, Denise, Bauersachs, Thorsten, Bohaty, Steven M., Courtillat, Margot, Cowan, Ellen A., De Lira Mota, Marcelo A., Esteves, Mariana S.R., Fegyveresi, John M., Frederichs, Thomas, Gao, Liang, Halberstadt, Anna Ruth, Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, Iwai, Masao, Kim, Ji-Hoon, King, Theresa M., Klages, Johann P., Passchier, Sandra, Penkrot, Michelle L., Prebble, Joseph G., Rahaman, Waliur, Reinardy, Benedict T.I., Renaudie, Johan, Robinson, Delaney E., Scherer, Reed P., Siddoway, Christine S., Wu, Li, Yamane, Masako
Basins, Coastline, Grounding Line, Ice Shelves
Quantitative threshold effects identification of urban green exposure on
2025
Zheng, Yicheng, Hamm, Nicholas A.S., Lin, Tao, Liu, Jue, Zhou, Tongyu, Ren, Xiaopeng, Bai, Xinwen, Geng, Hongkai, Zhang, Junmao, Jia, Zixu, Chen, Yuan
Reforestation, Terrestrial Ecosystems , Permafrost , Rock Glaciers, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness, Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Roughness, Ice Temperature, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Reflectance , Sea Ice Motion , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice, Snow Cover , Landslides , Aeolian Landforms , Coastal Landforms , Fluvial Landforms, Glacial Landforms, Karst Landforms, Tectonic Landforms , Land Use/Land Cover Classification , Landscape Ecology, Landscape Patterns, Landscape Processes, Reforestation, Surface Roughness, Terrain Elevation , Topographic Effects, Barrier Islands, Beaches, Deltas, Dunes, Estuaries, Fjords, Inlets, Lagoons, Mangroves, Marshes, Rocky Coasts, Shorelines, Wind Waves, Surface Winds , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Roughness, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Sea Ice Motion , Glacial Landforms, Caldera, Cinder Cone, Faults, Folds, Geyser, Graben, Horst, Lava Dome, Lava Plain, Maar, Mountains, Plateau, Ridge, Rift Valley, Tuya, Volcano, Tectonic Landforms, Earthquakes , Plate Tectonics, Volcanic Activity, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice
The glacial history of the Antarctic Peninsula: Eocene to anthropocene
2025
Batchelor, Christine L., Christie, Frazer D.W., Boxall, Karla, Sanderson, Rebecca J.
Basins, Coastline, Grounding Line, Ice Shelves
The Impact of Oil Palm Plantations and Pastures on Benthic Prokaryotic
2025
RojasCastillo, Oscar Alberto, Hakimzadeh, Ali, Tedersoo, Leho, Jacobsen, Dean, KepferRojas, Sebastian
Reforestation, Terrestrial Ecosystems , Permafrost , Rock Glaciers, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness, Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Roughness, Ice Temperature, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Reflectance , Sea Ice Motion , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice, Snow Cover , Landslides , Aeolian Landforms , Coastal Landforms , Fluvial Landforms, Glacial Landforms, Karst Landforms, Tectonic Landforms , Land Use/Land Cover Classification , Landscape Ecology, Landscape Patterns, Landscape Processes, Reforestation, Surface Roughness, Terrain Elevation , Topographic Effects, Barrier Islands, Beaches, Deltas, Dunes, Estuaries, Fjords, Inlets, Lagoons, Mangroves, Marshes, Rocky Coasts, Shorelines, Wind Waves, Surface Winds , Ice Deformation, Ice Depth/Thickness , Ice Edges, Ice Extent , Ice Floes, Ice Roughness, Ice Types, Icebergs , Leads, Pack Ice , Polynyas , Sea Ice Motion , Glacial Landforms, Caldera, Cinder Cone, Faults, Folds, Geyser, Graben, Horst, Lava Dome, Lava Plain, Maar, Mountains, Plateau, Ridge, Rift Valley, Tuya, Volcano, Tectonic Landforms, Earthquakes , Plate Tectonics, Volcanic Activity, Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation, Glacier Motion/Ice Sheet Motion , Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography, Glaciers , Ice Sheets, Icebergs , Ice Extent , Ice Growth/Melt , Ice Motion, Ice Velocity, Lake Ice , Permafrost , River Ice
The System Of Atmosphere, Land, Ice And Ocean In The Region Near The 79N Glacier In Northeast Greenland: Synthesis And Key Findings From The Greenland Ice Sheet-Ocean Interaction (Groce) Experiment
2025
Kanzow, Torsten, Humbert, Angelika, Molg, Thomas, Scheinert, Mirko, Braun, Matthias, Burchard, Hans, Doglioni, Francesca, Hochreuther, Philipp, Horwath, Martin, Huhn, Oliver, Kappelsberger, Maria, Kusche, Jurgen, Loebel, Erik, Lutz, Katrina, Marzeion, Ben, McPherson, Rebecca, Mohammadi-Aragh, Mahdi, Moller, Marco, Pickler, Carolyne, Reinert, Markus, Rhein, Monika, Ruckamp, Martin, Schaffer, Janin, Shafeeque, Muhammad, Stolzenberger, Sophie, Timmermann, Ralph, Turton, Jenny, Wekerle, Claudia, Zeising, Ole
Ice Velocity
The slow violence of waste flowing through the Greenland Ice Sheet
2025
Kuentz, Lily, Ryan, J. C., Carey, M.
Ice Velocity
Subglacial Discharge Effects on Antarctic Ice Shelf Basal Melt and the Southern Ocean in a Global, Coupled OceanSea Ice Model
2025
Vankova, Irena, AsayDavis, Xylar, Branecky Begeman, Carolyn, Comeau, Darin, Hager, Alexander, Hoffman, Matthew, Price, Stephen F., Wolfe, Jonathan
Ice Velocity, Sea Ice Concentration
Subglacial geology and palaeo flow of Pine Island Glacier from combining glacial erratics with geophysics
2025
Jordan, Tom A., Johnson, Joanne S., Riley, Teal R., Conrad, Ethan, Carter, Andrew
Ice Velocity, Gravity
Speed-up, slowdown, and redirection of ice flow on neighbouring ice streams in the Pope, Smith, and Kohler region of West Antarctica
2025
Selley, Heather L., Hogg, Anna E., Davison, Benjamin J., Dutrieux, Pierre, Slater, Thomas
Grounding Line