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Description

The Terra and Aqua combined Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Cover Climate Modeling Grid (CMG) (MCD12C1) Version 6.1 data product provides a spatially aggregated and reprojected version of the tiled MCD12Q1 Version 6.1 data product. Maps of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), University of Maryland (UMD), and Leaf Area Index (LAI) classification schemes are provided at yearly intervals at 0.05 degree (5,600 meter) spatial resolution for the entire globe. Additionally, sub-pixel proportions of each land cover class in each 0.05 degree pixel is provided along with the aggregated quality assessment information for each of the three land classification schemes.

Provided in each MCD12C1 Version 6.1 Hierarchical Data Format 4 (HDF4) file are layers for Majority Land Cover Type 1-3, Majority Land Cover Type 1-3 Assessment, and Majority Land Cover Type 1-3 Percent.

Known Issues

Version Description

The following changes and improvements were implemented for inputs to MODIS Version 6.1 Land Cover data products: (1) Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 – 2017, (2) A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB), and (3) A minor correction to the UMD Land Cover classification.

Product Summary

Platforms
Terra ,
Aqua
Instruments
MODIS
Spatial Extent

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

Spatial Resolution
5600 Meters x 5600 Meters
Spatial Reference System(s)
MODIS Climate Modeling Grid (CMG)
Location
GLOBAL
Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
2001-01-01 to Present
Temporal Resolution
1 Year
Data Partner
Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC) ,
MODIS Adaptive Processing System, Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA (NASA/GSFC/SED/ESD/TISL/MODAPS)
Concept ID
C2484078896-LPCLOUD
Data State
ACTIVE
Number of Files/Granules
24
Processing Level
3
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Land Use/Land Cover Classification

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

Friedl, M., & Sulla-Menashe, D. (2022). MODIS/Terra+Aqua Land Cover Type Yearly L3 Global 0.05Deg CMG V061 [Data set]. NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD12C1.061 Date Accessed: 2026-05-25

File Naming Convention

MCD12C1.A2023001.061.2024251212901.hdf

The file name begins with the Product Short Name (MCD12C1) followed by the Julian Date of Acquisition formatted as AYYYYDDD (A2023001), the Version of the data collection (061), the Julian Date and Time of Production designated as YYYYDDDHHMMSS (2024251212901), and the Data Format (hdf).

Documents

Publications Citing This Dataset

Filters
Title Year Author Topic
Divergent hydrological effects of revegetation over the Chinese Loess Plateau driven by East Asian summer monsoon variability Wang, Shiyao, Ge, Jun, Cao, Yipeng, Liu, Yu, Luo, Xing, Yang, Limei, Xiao, Shanchuan, Miao, Xin, Guo, Weidong Albedo, Anisotropy, Reflectance, Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Drought intensity and duration interact to magnify losses in primary productivity Ohlert, Timothy, Smith, Melinda D., Collins, Scott L., Knapp, Alan K., Dukes, Jeffrey S., Sala, Osvaldo, Wilkins, Kate D., Munson, Seth M., Anderson, Maggie I., Avolio, Meghan L., Chen, Anping, Hayden, Meghan T., Holdrege, Martin C., Slette, Ingrid J., Wilfahrt, Peter, Beier, Claus, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Jentsch, Anke, Loik, Michael E., Luo, Yiqi, Maestre, Fernando T., Phillips, Richard P., Power, Sally A., Yahdjian, Laura, Yu, Qiang, Chen, Angel, Felton, Andrew J., Gherardi, Laureano A., Lyon, Nicholas J., Abdoli, Hamed, Abedi, Mehdi, Alberti, Juan, Arroyo, Antonio I., Asbjornsen, Heidi, Auge, Harald, Bachle, Seton, Bahn, Michael, Bartholomew, David C., Batbaatar, Amgaa, Bauerle, Taryn L., Beard, Karen H., Behn, Kai, Beil, Ilka, Biancari, Lucio, Blindow, Irmgard, Bondaruk, Viviana Florencia, Borer, Elizabeth T., Bork, Edward W., Bruschetti, Carlos Martin, Byrne, Kerry M., Cahill, James F., Calvo, Dianela A., Carbognani, Michele, Carlyle, Cameron N., Castillioni, Karen, Castillo-Garcia, Miguel, Chandregowda, Manjunatha H., Chang, Scott X., Chieppa, Jeff, Churchill, Amber C., Cianciaruso, Marcus Vinicius, Cordeiro, Amanda L, Cousins, Sara A. O., Cusack, Daniela F., Dahlke, Sven, Daleo, Pedro, Dietterich, Lee H., Dubbert, Maren, Eisenhauer, Nico, Forte, Tai G. W., Funk, Flavia A., Galiano, Darcy, Greenville, Aaron C., Han, Liebao, Haugum, Siri Vats, Hautier, Yann, Hector, Andy, Henry, Hugh A. L., Hoss, Daniela, Isbell, Forest, Jordan, Samuel E., Ke, Yuguang, Kelly, Eugene F., Koerner, Sally E., Kreyling, Juergen, Kroel-Dulay, Gyorgy, Kropfl, Alicia I., Kubert, Angelika, Kulmatiski, Andrew, Lamb, Eric G., Larsen, Klaus Steenberg, Lee, Steven, Limbu, Smriti Pehim, Linstadter, Anja, Liu, Shirong, Longo, Grisel, Loydi, Alejandro, Luan, Junwei, Lubbe, F. Curtis, Malyshev, Andrey V., McIntire, Cameron D., Metcalfe, Daniel B., Mokoka, Malesela Vincent, Mori, Akira S., Mudongo, Edwin, Newman, Gregory S., Nielsen, Uffe N., Ochoa-Hueso, Raul, OConnor, Rory C., Ogaya, Roma, Onatibia, Gaston R., Orban, Ildiko, Osborne, Brooke B., Otfinowski, Rafael, Partel, Meelis, Pascual, Jesus, Penuelas, Josep, Peri, Pablo L., Pescador, David S., Peter, Guadalupe, Petraglia, Alessandro, Picon-Cochard, Catherine, Pillar, Valerio D., Pineiro-Guerra, Juan M., Ploughe, Laura Weber, Plowes, Robert M., Portales-Reyes, Cristy, Prober, Suzanne M., Pueyo, Yolanda, Rahmati, Golsa, Reed, Sasha C., Rodriguez, Dana Aylen, Rogers, William E., Roscher, Christiane, Rowley, David W., Sanchez, Ana M., Santos, Braulio A., Schellenberg, Michael P., Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Seabloom, Eric W., Shen, Ruonan, Shi, Baoku, Souza, Lara, Stampfli, Andreas, Standish, Rachel J., Sternberg, Marcelo, Sun, Wei, Sunnemann, Marie, Tedder, Michelle, Terry, Tyson J., Thorvaldsen, Pal, Tielborger, Katja, Tissink, Maud, Vadeboncoeur, Matthew A., Valdecantos, Alejandro, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Vandvik, Vigdis, Velle, Liv Guri, Wanke, Svenja, Wardle, Glenda M., Wei, Cunzheng, Werner, Christiane, Wiehl, Georg, Williams, Jennifer L., Wolf, Amelia A., Wu, Honghui, Xu, Chong, Yang, Xuechen, Yang, Yadong, Yost, Jenifer L., Young, Alyssa L., Yue, Ping, Zeberio, Juan M., Zeiter, Michaela, Zhang, Haiyang, Zhu, Juntao, Zuo, Xiaoan Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Drought legacies delay spring green-up in northern ecosystems Liu, Ying, Zhang, Yao, Penuelas, Josep, Kannenberg, Steven A., Gong, Haibo, Yuan, Wenping, Wu, Chaoyang, Zhou, Sha, Piao, Shilong Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Droughts with no agro-climatological extremes Kulkarni, Sneha, Sawada, Yohei Droughts, Earthquakes, Floods, Landslides, Cyclones, Volcanic Eruptions, Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Diversity and spillover risk of swine acute diarrhea syndrome and related coronaviruses in China and Southeast Asia Latinne, Alice, Zhang, Li-Biao, Firth, Cadhla, Zhu, Guangjian, Olival, Kevin J., Sanchez, Cecilia A., Chen, Shirley, Ross, Noam, Li, Hongying, Chmura, Aleksei A., Daszak, Peter Population Density, Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Ecological Risks and Patterns Associated With Land Use/Cover Changes He, Yinjie, Liu, Xinran, Wu, Dafang, Li, Shuangcheng, Zhou, Ping Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Earth as an Exoplanet: Investigating the Effects of Cloud Variability on the Direct-imaging of Atmospheres Kelkar, Soumil, Saxena, Prabal, Kopparapu, Ravi, Monteiro, Joy Geopotential Height, Atmospheric Ozone, Pressure Thickness, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Air Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Fraction, U/V Wind Components, U/V Wind Components, Ozone Profiles, Relative Humidity, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Cloud Properties, Cloud Mass Flux, Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Potential Vorticity, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Vertical Profiles, Specific Humidity, Altitude
ENSO amplifies global vegetation resilience variability in a changing climate Zhou, Wei, Li, Changjia, Zhang, Haicheng, Stringer, Lindsay C., Wang, Jingyu, Deng, Zhongci, Wang, Zhen RADAR IMAGERY, Terrain Elevation, Topographical Relief Maps, Digital Elevation/Terrain Model (DEM), Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Enhancing Hydro-climatic and land parameter forecasting using Subhadarsini, Suchismita, Kumar, D. Nagesh, Govindaraju, Rao S. Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Enhancing Soil Moisture Estimates through the Fusion of SMAP and GNSS-R Data at 3-km Resolution for Daily Mapping Setti, Paulo T., Tabibi, Sajad Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Radar Cross-Section, Radar Reflectivity, Wind Direction, Wind Speed
Enhanced vegetation productivity driven primarily by rate not duration of carbon uptake Liu, Zunchi, Ciais, Philippe, Penuelas, Josep, Xia, Jianyang, Zhou, Sha, Zhang, Yao, Fu, Yongshuo H. Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Primary Production, Fraction Of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fapar), Gross Primary Production (gpp), Reflectance
Assessing gap-filled Landsat land surface temperature time-series data using different observational datasets Shi, Hua, Xian, George Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Land Surface Temperature, Emissivity, Surface Radiative Properties
Assessing China's solar power potential: Uncertainty quantification and economic analysis Yin, Gege, He, Xiaojia, Qin, Yue, Chen, Lei, Hu, Yuan, Liu, Yu, Zhang, Chuan Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties, Albedo, Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Assessing climate and land use changes in Morocco (20012023): from a geospatial and farmers' perspective Alvarez, Cesar Ivan, Govind, Ajit Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Area of land degradation in arid regions from 2000 to 2023 KIMURA, Reiji, MORIYAMA, Masao Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Reflectance, Emissivity, Land Surface Temperature
Analyzing canopy structure effects based on LiDAR for GPP-SIF relationship and GPP estimation Shi, Shuo, Shi, Zixi, Qu, Fangfang, Gong, Wei, Xu, Lu, Liu, Chenxi Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Photosynthesis, Primary Production, Vegetation Productivity, Canopy Characteristics, Vegetation Cover, Digital Elevation/Terrain Model (DEM), VIEWING GEOMETRY, Terrain Elevation, Lidar, Topography, Vegetation Height
Cascading impacts of compound drought-heat extremes on global gross primary production Zhu, Xiufang, Zhang, Shizhe, Zhang, Qiang, Lu, Dongyan, Tang, Mingxiu, Guo, Chunhua Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Plant Phenology, Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI)
Changes and drivers of long-term land evapotranspiration in the Yangtze Bai, Hongbing, Zhong, Yulong, Ma, Ning, Kong, Dongdong, Mao, Yuna, Feng, Wei, Wu, Yunlong, Zhong, Min Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
Escalating risks of anomalously hotdry growing seasons in arid Northwest China under human influence Yu, Xiao-Jing, Dong, Si-Yan, Yu, Zhi-Xiang, Zheng, Jiang-Hua, Wang, Min-Zhong, Ma, Ping, Qiu, Hui, Wu, Xiu-Lan, Wang, Lei-Bin Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Multiple modes in tropical tree cover: a multi-dimensional perspective Bathiany, Sebastian, Kim, Eun Joo, Boers, Niklas Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Canopy Characteristics, Evergreen Vegetation, Crown, Deciduous Vegetation, Leaf Characteristics, Vegetation Cover
Investigation of the global influence of surface roughness on spaceborne GNSSR observations Rahmani, Mina, Asgari, Jamal, Asgarimehr, Milad, Wickert, Jens Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Radar Cross-Section, Radar Reflectivity
Interannual Variability in African Regional Ecosystem Carbon Fluxes and Their Drivers Revealed by Satellite Observations Yun, Jeongmin, Liu, Junjie, Baker, David F., Basu, Sourish, Chevallier, Frederic, Jiang, Fei, Johnson, Matthew S., Li, Xing, Liu, Zhiqiang, Miller, Scot M., Philip, Sajeev, Vardag, Sanam N., Xiao, Jingfeng, Zeng, Ning Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Nitrogen Oxides, Particulates, Hydrogen Cyanide, Emissions, Non-methane Hydrocarbons/Volatile Organic Compounds, Particulate Matter, Fire Occurrence, Nitrogen Oxides, Sulfur Dioxide, Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds
Mapping the spatio-temporal distribution of burned areas in the Amazon Abid, Mohamed, Gonzalez, Jonatan A., de Rivera, Oscar Rodriguez, Moraga, Paula Fire Ecology, Biomass Burning, Wildfires, Fire Occurrence, Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain, Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Air Temperature, Specific Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Wind Speed, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Cover, Snow Depth, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Burned Area, Emissivity
Observational evidence of increased afternoon rainfall downwind of irrigated areas Greve, P., Schmitt, A. U., Miralles, D. G., McDermid, S., Findell, K. L., Garcia-Garcia, A., Peng, J. Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain, Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Advanced vegetation green-up onset in regions with cooling air Jiang, Nan, Shen, Miaogen, Yang, Zhiyong Reflectance, Land Use/Land Cover Classification
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